Journal ArticleDOI
Humoral Immune Response Patterns of Human Mucosae: Induction and Relation to Bacterial Respiratory Tract Infections
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TLDR
Differences in mucosal immune response patterns among patients with selective IgA deficiency or IgG subclass deficiencies also suggest that local humoral immunity is an important variable in resistance to infections.Abstract:
Immunoglobulin-producing cells in mucosal tissues, quantitatively the body's most important humoral immune system, synthesize mainly dimers and larger polymers of IgA (poly-IgA) with incorporated J (joining) chain. Poly-IgA is actively transported to exocrine secretions by a transmembrane epithelial glycoprotein called secretory component. Enhancing secretory immunity by oral vaccination is an interesting possibility, but mucosal antigen uptake and local immune regulation are complex and only partly understood. Immunoglobulin isotype response patterns in the upper respiratory mucosa and distal gut are strikingly different. The preferential production of IgA1 in nasal and bronchial mucosae is intriguing in view of the frequent synthesis of IgA1-specific proteases by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis. A relationship of proneness to produce invasive disease and enzymatically induced deterioration of secretory immunity has been proposed. Differences in mucosal immune response patterns among patients with selective IgA deficiency or IgG subclass deficiencies also suggest that local humoral immunity is an important variable in resistance to infections.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Regional specialization in the mucosal immune system: what happens in the microcompartments?
Per Brandtzaeg,Espen S. Baekkevold,I. N. Farstad,Frode L. Jahnsen,Finn-Eirik Johansen,Ellen M. Nilsen,Takeshi Yamanaka +6 more
TL;DR: Brandtzaeg et al. as mentioned in this paper discuss compartmentalized regulation of mucosal B cells and mechanisms that might explain the strikingly regionalized effector disparity of the human mucosal immune system.
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Probiotic prophylaxis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a blinded, randomized, controlled trial.
TL;DR: These pilot data suggest that L. rhamnosus GG is safe and efficacious in preventing VAP in a select, high-risk ICU population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular and cellular aspects of the secretory immunoglobulin system.
TL;DR: Evidence is emerging for the existence of subcompartmentalization in the mucosal immune system, particularly a dichotomy in cellular migration between the gut and the upper airway, which may complicate the design of efficient local vaccines.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ingested probiotics reduce nasal colonization with pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and β-hemolytic streptococci)
Ulrich Glück,Jan-Olaf Gebbers +1 more
TL;DR: It is indicated that regular intake of probiotics can reduce PPB in the upper respiratory tract and a linkage of the lymphoid tissue between the gut and theupper respiratory tract is indicated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exercise effects on mucosal immunity
Maree Gleeson,David B. Pyne +1 more
TL;DR: Monitoring mucosal immune parameters during critical periods of training provides an assessment of the upper respiratory tract illness risk status of an individual athlete.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Immunoglobulin A (IgA): molecular and cellular interactions involved in IgA biosynthesis and immune response.
Jiri Mestecky,Jerry R. McGhee +1 more
TL;DR: The impact of new information concerning IgA physiology on the immune system is discussed, which suggests that IgA should not be considered only as an isotype providing specific humoral protection of mucosal surfaces but as an integral component of the entire immune system.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characteristics of an immune system common to certain external secretions
TL;DR: The γ1A present in saliva and colostrum exists largely in the form of higher polymers, the major component of which has a sedimentation coefficient of 11S, and its properties including the local production of a distinctive type of antibody separate it from the "systemic" system responsible for the production of circulating antibody.
Journal ArticleDOI
The common mucosal immune system and current strategies for induction of immune responses in external secretions
TL;DR: Based on extensive studies in animal models as well as in humans, convincing evidence is available that antigen-sensitized and IgA-committed precursors of plasma cells from GALT are disseminated to the gut, other mucosa-associated tissues, and exocrine glands.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunobiology and immunopathology of human gut mucosa: Humoral immunity and intraepithelial lymphocytes
Per Brandtzaeg,Trond S. Halstensen,K. Kett,Peter Krajci,Dag Kvale,Torleiv O. Rognum,Helge Scott,Ludvig M. Sollid +7 more
TL;DR: Les auteurs rapportent les modifications immunopathologiques observees au cours de la maladie cœliaque et des colites inflammatoires qui pourraient expliquer the pathogenese de ces maladies.
Journal ArticleDOI
The regulation of immune responses to dietary protein antigens
TL;DR: Allan Mowat reviews the mechanisms underlying the induction of immunological tolerance after feeding proteins and suggests how a breakdown in oral tolerance may lead to potentially harmful hypersensitivity in the intestine.