Journal ArticleDOI
Immunochemotherapy for visceral leishmaniasis: a controlled pilot trial of antimony versus antimony plus interferon-gamma.
Kathleen Squires,Frank Rosenkaimer,James A. Sherwood,Arthur L. Forni,J.B.O. Were,Henry W. Murray +5 more
TLDR
Differences in splenic aspirate culture results raise the possibility that combination therapy using IFN-gamma, which was safe and well-tolerated, may accelerate the early parasitologic response in patients with visceral leishmaniasis.Abstract:
Twenty-four Kenyan patients with visceral leishmaniasis were treated for 30 days with either conventional therapy (daily pentavalent antimony, n = 14) or experimental immunochemotherapy (daily antimony plus interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma] every other day, n = 10). All 24 patients responded clinically to treatment, and microscopic splenic aspirate scores rapidly decreased in both groups. As judged by splenic aspirate culture results, IFN-gamma-treated patients responded more quickly (50% versus 22% culture-negative after one week and 75% versus 58% culture-negative after two weeks). While not statistically significant, these differences raise the possibility that combination therapy using IFN-gamma, which was safe and well-tolerated, may accelerate the early parasitologic response in patients with visceral leishmaniasis.read more
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Human leishmaniasis: clinical, diagnostic, and chemotherapeutic developments in the last 10 years.
TL;DR: A review of leishmaniasis that are of practical value to practitioners, including presentation, diagnosis, and chemotherapy, can be found in this paper, where the authors emphasize advances in chemotherapy over the last 10 years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmania and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection: the first 10 years.
Jorge Alvar,Carmen Cañavate,Beatriz Gutiérrez-Solar,Maribel Jiménez,Fernando Laguna,Rogelio López-Vélez,Ricardo Molina,Javier Moreno +7 more
TL;DR: Over 850 Leishmania-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection cases have been recorded, the majority in Europe, where 7 to 17% of HIV-positive individuals with fever have amastigotes, suggesting that Leishmanniasis-infected individuals without symptoms will express symptoms of leishmaniasis if they become immunosuppressed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Leishmaniasis in Sudan. 3. Visceral leishmaniasis
E.E. Zijlstra,Ahmed M. Elhassan +1 more
TL;DR: Evaluation of diagnostic methods showed that parasitological diagnosis should still be the mainstay in diagnosis, with sensitivities for lymph node, bone marrow and spleen aspirates of 58%, 70% and 96%, respectively, and simple, cheap serological tests are needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid accurate field diagnosis of Indian visceral leishmaniasis
TL;DR: In this paper, a prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic usefulness of non-invasive testing for antibody to the leishmanial antigen K39 by means of antigen-impregnated nitrocellulose paper strips adapted for use under field conditions.
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Leishmania/HIV co-infections in the second decade.
TL;DR: In this review several aspects of the Leishmania/HIV co-infection are emphasized viz., epidemiological features, new ways of transmission, pathogenesis, clinical outcome, diagnosis, treatment and secondary prohylaxis.