Journal ArticleDOI
Immunological biomarkers of ageing in man: changes in both innate and adaptive immunity are associated with health and longevity
Olga DelaRosa,Graham Pawelec,Esther Peralbo,Anders Wikby,Erminia Mariani,Eugenio Mocchegiani,Raquel Tarazona,Rafael Solana +7 more
TLDR
It is hypothesize that failures in innate immunity observed in frail elderly are related to those alterations described in adaptive immunity defined as the IRP, a predictor of mortality in elderly individuals that is based on several parameters of the adaptive immune response.Abstract:
Scientific and clinical advances in the last century have led to increased numbers of individuals living to older ages. Thus a major concern is how to live these years with a high quality of life. The ageing immune system is less well able to cope with infectious diseases than the youthful immune system probably as a consequence of altered immune response to pathogens. Thus, both innate and adaptive immune responses show age-related changes that could be decisive for healthy ageing and survival. Longitudinal studies in healthy elderly have allowed the definition of the ″immune risk phenotype” (IRP) a predictor of mortality in elderly individuals that is based on several parameters of the adaptive immune response. Here, we hypothesize that failures in innate immunity observed in frail elderly are related to those alterations described in adaptive immunity defined as the IRP. It will be important to include assays of NK cell markers and functions in future longitudinal studies in order to investigate this point in detail as well as to consider the trace element zinc as an essential co-factor for optimal NK cell activity.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Immunosenescence: Implications for response to infection and vaccination in older people
Alejandra Pera,Carmen Campos,Nelson López,Fakhri Hassouneh,Corona Alonso,Raquel Tarazona,Rafael Solana +6 more
TL;DR: The analyses of the immune system in elderly individuals determined several immune signatures constituting an immune risk phenotype that predicts mortality, and the contribution of latent cytomegalovirus infection to immunosenescence of T and NK cells has been shown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melatonin and inflammation—Story of a double‐edged blade
TL;DR: A particular role in melatonin's actions seems to be associated with the upregulation of sirtuin‐1 (SIRT1), which shares various effects known from melatonin and additionally interferes with the signaling by the mechanistic target of rapamycin and Notch, and reduces the expression of the proinflammatory lncRNA‐CCL2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human NK cells display major phenotypic and functional changes over the life span.
Magali Le Garff-Tavernier,Magali Le Garff-Tavernier,Vivien Béziat,Vivien Béziat,Julie Decocq,Julie Decocq,Virginie Siguret,Frédérique Gandjbakhch,Eric Pautas,Patrice Debré,Patrice Debré,Hélène Merle-Béral,Hélène Merle-Béral,Vincent Vieillard,Vincent Vieillard +14 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that the preservation of NK cell features until very advanced age may contribute to longevity and successful aging.
Journal ArticleDOI
Melatonin and the theories of aging: a critical appraisal of melatonin's role in antiaging mechanisms
TL;DR: Melatonin, being a highly pleiotropic regulator molecule, interacts directly or indirectly with all the processes mentioned, and a support of healthy aging has been observed in rodents and is highly likely in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunosenescence and vaccine failure in the elderly
Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein,Silvia Della Bella,Anna Maria Iorio,Jean-Pierre Michel,Graham Pawelec,Rafael Solana +5 more
TL;DR: In the future, the development and use of markers of immunosenescence to identify patients who may have impaired responses to vaccination, as well as the use of end-points other than antibody titers to assess vaccine efficacy, may help to reduce morbidity and mortality due to infections in the elderly.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity Drives the CD8 T Cell Repertoire Toward Greater Clonality in Healthy Elderly Individuals
Naeem Khan,Naseer Shariff,Mark Cobbold,Rachel Bruton,Jenni Ainsworth,Alan J. Sinclair,Laxman Nayak,Paul Moss +7 more
TL;DR: Data implicate CMV as a major factor in driving oligoclonal expansions in old age and a dramatic accumulation of virus-specific effector CTL might impair the ability to respond to heterologous infection and may underlie the negative influence of CMV seropositivity on survival in the very elderly.
Journal ArticleDOI
The immunology of exceptional individuals: the lesson of centenarians
TL;DR: Centenarians are the best example of successful ageing, since they have escaped the major age-associated diseases, and most are in good mental and physical condition, and the study of their immune systems reveals that several immune parameters are well conserved.
Journal ArticleDOI
Longitudinal Studies of Clonally Expanded CD8 T Cells Reveal a Repertoire Shrinkage Predicting Mortality and an Increased Number of Dysfunctional Cytomegalovirus-Specific T Cells in the Very Elderly
Sine Reker Hadrup,Jan Strindhall,Tania Køllgaard,Tina Seremet,Boo Johansson,Graham Pawelec,Per thor Straten,Anders Wikby +7 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the number of different CD8 T cell clonal expansions increases as the individual ages, possibly, as a compensatory mechanism to control latent infections, e.g., CMV, but eventually a point is reached where clonal exhaustion leads to shrinkage of the CD8 clonal repertoire, associated with decreased survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aging of the immune system: how much can the adaptive immune system adapt?
TL;DR: The competency of the adaptive immune function decreases with age, primarily because of the decline in production of naive lymphocytes in the bone marrow and thymus as well as the expansion of incompetent memory lymphocytes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lymphocyte Subsets and Natural Killer Cell Activity in Healthy Old People and Centenarians
Paolo Sansoni,Andrea Cossarizza,V Brianti,Francesco Fagnoni,G. Snelli,Daniela Monti,A Marcato,Giovanni Passeri,Claudio Ortolani,E Forti +9 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that in centenarians some immune responses are kept at a high level of efficiency, likely contributing to their successful aging, as shown by the progressive derangement of a variety of immune parameters.
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