Independent coding of movement direction and reward prediction by single pallidal neurons.
TLDR
The effects of movement-direction and reward probability on neural activity are linearly summed and thus reflect two independent modulations of pallidal activity, and it is proposed that GPe neurons are uniquely suited for independent processing of a multitude of parameters.Abstract:
Associating action with its reward value is a basic ability needed by adaptive organisms and requires the convergence of limbic, motor, and associative information. To chart the basal ganglia (BG) involvement in this association, we recorded the activity of 61 well isolated neurons in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) of two monkeys performing a probabilistic visuomotor task. Our results indicate that most (96%) neurons responded to multiple phases of the task. The activity of many (34%) pallidal neurons was modulated solely by direction of movement, and the activity of only a few (3%) pallidal neurons was modulated exclusively by reward prediction. However, the activity of a large number (41%) of single pallidal neurons was comodulated by both expected trial outcome and direction of arm movement. The information carried by the neuronal activity of single pallidal neurons dynamically changed as the trial progressed. The activity was predominantly modulated by both outcome prediction and future movement direction at the beginning of trials and became modulated mainly by movement-direction toward the end of trials. GPe neurons can either increase or decrease their discharge rate in response to predicted future reward. The effects of movement-direction and reward probability on neural activity are linearly summed and thus reflect two independent modulations of pallidal activity. We propose that GPe neurons are uniquely suited for independent processing of a multitude of parameters. This is enabled by the funnel-structure characteristic of the BG architecture, as well as by the anatomical and physiological properties of GPe neurons.read more
Citations
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Behavioral Theories and the Neurophysiology of Reward
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Representation of action-specific reward values in the striatum.
Kazuyuki Samejima,Kazuyuki Samejima,Yasumasa Ueda,Yasumasa Ueda,Kenji Doya,Kenji Doya,Minoru Kimura,Minoru Kimura +7 more
TL;DR: Representation of action values in the striatum is suggested, which can guide action selection in the basal ganglia circuit in monkeys who chose between left and right handle turns.
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TL;DR: A remarkable series of new findings support the view that the basal ganglia are essential for some forms of learning-related plasticity and suggest that they are parts of a brain-wide set of adaptive neural systems promoting optimal motor and cognitive control.
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The Neural and Behavioural Organization of Goal‐Directed Movements
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Action and Outcome Encoding in the Primate Caudate Nucleus
Brian Lau,Paul W. Glimcher +1 more
TL;DR: Striatal neurons active primarily after a movement appear to be segregated into two distinct groups that provide complimentary information about the outcomes of actions.
References
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