Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5.
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TLDR
A maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument are developed as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal personality disorder.Abstract:
Background DSM-IV-TR suggests that clinicians should assess clinically relevant personality traits that do not necessarily constitute a formal personality disorder (PD), and should note these traits on Axis II, but DSM-IV-TR does not provide a trait model to guide the clinician. Our goal was to provide a provisional trait model and a preliminary corresponding assessment instrument, in our roles as members of the DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Workgroup and workgroup advisors. Method An initial list of specific traits and domains (broader groups of traits) was derived from DSM-5 literature reviews and workgroup deliberations, with a focus on capturing maladaptive personality characteristics deemed clinically salient, including those related to the criteria for DSM-IV-TR PDs. The model and instrument were then developed iteratively using data from community samples of treatment-seeking participants. The analytic approach relied on tools of modern psychometrics (e.g. item response theory models). Results A total of 25 reliably measured core elements of personality description emerged that, together, delineate five broad domains of maladaptive personality variation: negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. Conclusions We developed a maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal PD. The inventory we developed is reprinted in its entirety in the Supplementary online material, with the goal of encouraging additional refinement and development by other investigators prior to the finalization of DSM-5. Continuing discussion should focus on various options for integrating personality traits into DSM-5.read more
Citations
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Constructing validity: New developments in creating objective measuring instruments.
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TL;DR: This update of Clark and Watson (1995) provides a synopsis of major points of an earlier article and discusses issues in scale construction that have become more salient as clinical and personality assessment has progressed over the past quarter-century.
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The convergent structure of DSM-5 personality trait facets and five-factor model trait domains.
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TL;DR: Results indicate that the five higher-order factors of the conjoint EFA reflect the domains of the FFM, which signifies the potential to apply normative trait research to personality disorder classification in the DSM-5.
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Christopher J. Hopwood,Katherine M. Thomas,Kristian E. Markon,Aidan G. C. Wright,Robert F. Krueger +4 more
TL;DR: Regression analyses support the DSM-5 hybrid model in that pathological traits, and an indicator of general personality pathology severity provided incremental information about PDs.
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The DSM-5 dimensional trait model and five-factor models of general personality.
TL;DR: The results provided support for the hypothesis that all five domains of the DSM-5 dimensional trait model are maladaptive variants of general personality structure, including the domain of psychoticism.
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A test of two brief measures of grandiose narcissism: the narcissistic personality inventory-13 and the narcissistic personality inventory-16.
Brittany Gentile,Joshua D. Miller,Brian J. Hoffman,Dennis E. Reidy,Amos Zeichner,W. Keith Campbell +5 more
TL;DR: A new short measure of narcissism is introduced, the NPI-13, which provides both a total score and 3 subscale scores (Leadership/Authority; Grandiose Exhibitionism; Entitlement/Exploitativeness), and it is demonstrated that both short measures manifest good convergent and discriminant validity and adequate overall reliability.
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