Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5.
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TLDR
A maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument are developed as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal personality disorder.Abstract:
Background DSM-IV-TR suggests that clinicians should assess clinically relevant personality traits that do not necessarily constitute a formal personality disorder (PD), and should note these traits on Axis II, but DSM-IV-TR does not provide a trait model to guide the clinician. Our goal was to provide a provisional trait model and a preliminary corresponding assessment instrument, in our roles as members of the DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Workgroup and workgroup advisors. Method An initial list of specific traits and domains (broader groups of traits) was derived from DSM-5 literature reviews and workgroup deliberations, with a focus on capturing maladaptive personality characteristics deemed clinically salient, including those related to the criteria for DSM-IV-TR PDs. The model and instrument were then developed iteratively using data from community samples of treatment-seeking participants. The analytic approach relied on tools of modern psychometrics (e.g. item response theory models). Results A total of 25 reliably measured core elements of personality description emerged that, together, delineate five broad domains of maladaptive personality variation: negative affect, detachment, antagonism, disinhibition, and psychoticism. Conclusions We developed a maladaptive personality trait model and corresponding instrument as a step on the path toward helping users of DSM-5 assess traits that may or may not constitute a formal PD. The inventory we developed is reprinted in its entirety in the Supplementary online material, with the goal of encouraging additional refinement and development by other investigators prior to the finalization of DSM-5. Continuing discussion should focus on various options for integrating personality traits into DSM-5.read more
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Integrating structure and dynamics in personality assessment: First steps toward the development and validation of a personality dynamics diary.
Johannes Zimmermann,William C. Woods,Sven Ritter,Moritz Happel,Oliver Masuhr,Ulrich Jaeger,Carsten Spitzer,Aidan G. C. Wright +7 more
TL;DR: Daily diary methods have the potential to integrate within- and between-person approaches to personality assessment by applying measures like the Personality Dynamics Diary to gain insight into the psychological mechanisms that give rise to, and maintain, a person’s maladaptive dispositions and ultimately find individualized leverage points for targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Hierarchical structure of maladaptive personality traits in older adults: joint factor analysis of the PID-5 and the DAPP-BQ.
TL;DR: The current study focuses on the convergence of the proposed DSM-5 trait model with the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology (DAPP) model in a sample of older people and Methodological and theoretical implications for the conceptualization of personality pathology are discussed.
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