Journal ArticleDOI
Intake of Iodine and Perchlorate and Excretion in Human Milk
TLDR
In this article, perchlorate, thiocyanate, and iodine excretion in urine and milk of 13 breastfeeding women was investigated and the results were interpreted by a model of parallel/competitive transport of these species by the sodium iodide symporter.Abstract:
Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and iodine excretion in urine and milk of 13 breastfeeding women was investigated and the results were interpreted by a model of parallel/competitive transport of these species by the sodium iodide symporter. For each species i, we assumed physiological homeostasis, where iT,in equals the corresponding total excretion in urine and milk (ie,u + ie,m). The fraction of the total excretion that appeared in milk fi,m was measured and ranged from 0.394−0.781, 0.018−0.144, and 0.086−0.464 for perchlorate, thiocyanate, and iodine, respectively. The corresponding median values were 0.541, 0.053, and 0.177, respectively. The selectivity factors of perchlorate over iodide transport, and thiocyanate over iodide transport, defined as fPC,m/fI,m, and fSCN,m/fI,m, respectively, were 3.14 ± 1.20 and 0.27 ± 0.26 while PCT,in, SCNT,in, and IT,in among individuals varied 4.9, 5.0, and 8.4×, respectively. These transport selectivities are an order of magnitude lower than those indicated by in vitro ...read more
Citations
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Hofmeister phenomena: an update on ion specificity in biology.
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Designer carbon nanotubes for contaminant removal in water and wastewater: A critical review
TL;DR: A critical review of the existing literature on the interaction of various contaminants with CNTs in water and soil environments is presented to identify the research gaps that must be addressed for enhancing the commercial acceptance of C NTs in the environmental remediation industry.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perchlorate, iodine and the thyroid.
TL;DR: The health impact of environmental perchlorate may be dependent upon adequate iodine intake and should be interpreted in combination with other environmental exposures that are also potential thyroidal endocrine disruptors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of analytical methods for the quantification of iodine in complex matrices.
TL;DR: A general review of iodine determination on a wide-ranging set of complex matrices is not available and no available technique fully fits the needs of developing countries; research into inexpensive reliable methods and instrumentation are needed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Iodine nutrition in pregnancy and lactation.
TL;DR: This review discusses iodine physiology during pregnancy and lactation, methods to assess iodine sufficiency, the importance of adequate iodine nutrition, studies of iodine supplementation duringregnancy and breastfeeding, the consequences of hypothyroidism during pregnancy, the current status of iodine nutrition in the United States, the global efforts toward achieving universal iodine su sufficient.
References
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Book
Kinetics and Mechanism
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a treatment of reaction rates in elementary processes: simple gas-phase reactions, complex reaction in solution, and homogeneous catalysts, and chain reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bovine whey proteins – Overview on their main biological properties
Ana Raquel Madureira,Cláudia I. Pereira,Ana M. P. Gomes,Maria Manuela Pintado,F. Xavier Malcata +4 more
TL;DR: The most important advances reported to date pertaining to biological properties of whey proteins are reviewed in this communication.
Journal ArticleDOI
The origin of naturally occurring perchlorate: the role of atmospheric processes.
Purnendu K. Dasgupta,P. Kalyani Martinelango,W. Andrew Jackson,Todd A. Anderson,Kang Tian,Richard W. Tock,Srinath Rajagopalan +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown that perchlorate is readily formed by a variety of simulated atmospheric processes, and is present in many rain and snow samples, which strongly suggests that some per chlorate is formed in the atmosphere and a naturalperchlorate background of atmospheric origin should exist.
Journal ArticleDOI
Studies in human lactation: milk volumes in lactating women during the onset of lactation and full lactation.
Margaret C. Neville,Ronald P. Keller,Joy M. Seacat,V Lutes,Marianne R. Neifert,Clare E. Casey,Jonathan C. Allen,Philip G. Archer +7 more
TL;DR: There was a characteristic milk volume for each mother-infant pair that was significantly related to infant weight at 1 mo, suggesting that infant and/or maternal factors coming into play during the first month of life are strong determinants of subsequent milk transfer to the infant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relative potencies and additivity of perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide on the inhibition of radioactive iodide uptake by the human sodium iodide symporter.
Massimo Tonacchera,Aldo Pinchera,Antonio Dimida,E. Ferrarini,Patrizia Agretti,Paolo Vitti,Ferruccio Santini,Kenny S. Crump,John P. Gibbs +8 more
TL;DR: Results are consistent with a common mode of action by these anions of simple competitive interaction, in which a concentration of any one of ClO(4) (-) SCN(-), and NO(3) (-), occurring either individually or as part of a mixture of the three anions, is indistinguishable from a concentration or dilution of either of the remaining two ions in inhibiting iodine uptake at the NIS.