Journal ArticleDOI
Interaction Between Particles and a Solid‐Liquid Interface
TLDR
In this paper, the interaction between particles and an advancing solid-liquid interface has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically, and a theory has been developed, based on the assumption that a very short-range repulsion exists between the particle and the solid.Abstract:
The interaction between particles and an advancing solid‐liquid interface has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. For each particular type of particle, a ``critical velocity'' was observed, below which the particles are rejected by the interface, and above which they are trapped in the solid. The dependence of the critical velocity on various properties of matrix and particle was investigated. A theory has been developed, based on the assumption that a very short‐range repulsion exists between the particle and the solid. This repulsion occurs when the particle‐solid interfacial free energy is greater than the sum of the particle‐liquid and liquid‐solid interfacial free energies. The particle is pushed along ahead of the advancing interface and becomes incorporated into the solid if liquid cannot diffuse sufficiently rapidly to the growing solid behind the particle. Reasonable agreement was obtained between the calculated and experimentally observed critical velocities.read more
Citations
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Crystallization in pores
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the thermodynamics of crystallization within porous materials and the factors that influence stress development and cracking, including the pore size, the energy of the interface between pore wall and the crystal, and the yield stress or buckling strength of the crystal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aligned two- and three-dimensional structures by directional freezing of polymers and nanoparticles
Haifei Zhang,Irshad Hussain,Irshad Hussain,Mathias Brust,Michael F. Butler,Steven Paul Rannard,Andrew I. Cooper +6 more
TL;DR: Directional freezing is used to align the structural elements, either in the form of three-dimensional porous structures or as two-dimensional oriented surface patterns, and can be used to generate a diverse array of complex structures such as polymer–inorganic nanocomposites, aligned gold microwires and microwave networks, porous composite microfibres and biaxially aligned composite networks.
Journal ArticleDOI
The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences
TL;DR: The physics of the premelting of ice and its relationship with the behavior of other materials more familiar to the condensed-matter community are described in this paper, where a number of the many tendrils of the basic phenomena as they play out on land, in the oceans, and throughout the atmosphere and biosphere are developed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Grain refinement of aluminum alloys: Part I. the nucleant and solute paradigms—a review of the literature
Mark Alan Easton,David H. StJohn +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a more complete understanding of grain refinement is presented, and the validity of the grain refinement paradigm shift toward the solute paradigm is presented. But, despite the extensive literature on grain refinement, there is not a consensus on the mechanism of grain refining in aluminum alloys.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contact angles and their temperature dependence: thermodynamic status, measurement, interpretation and application
TL;DR: In this paper, the vertical plate model is used to measure contact angles on smooth and heterogeneous rolid surfaces and their temperature dependence. But the model is not suitable for smooth and homogeneous surfaces.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of growth conditions upon the solidification of a binary alloy
W. A. Tiller,J. W. Rutter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided both a theoretical and experimental analysis of the factors which affect the mode of solidification of a binary alloy, including the concentration of sol solids.
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