Journal ArticleDOI
Interannual Tropical Rainfall Variability in General Circulation Model Simulations Associated with the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
Kenneth R. Sperber,Tim Palmer +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the interannual variability of rainfall over the Indian subcontinent, the African Sahel, and the Nordeste region of Brazil have been evaluated in 32 models for the period 1979-88 as part of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP).Abstract:
The interannual variability of rainfall over the Indian subcontinent, the African Sahel, and the Nordeste region of Brazil have been evaluated in 32 models for the period 1979–88 as part of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP). The interannual variations of Nordeste rainfall are the most readily captured, owing to the intimate link with Pacific and Atlantic sea surface temperatures. The precipitation variations over India and the Sahel are less well simulated. Additionally, an Indian monsoon wind shear index was calculated for each model. Evaluation of the interannual variability of a wind shear index over the summer monsoon region indicates that the models exhibit greater fidelity in capturing the large-scale dynamic fluctuations than the regional-scale rainfall variations. A rainfall/SST teleconnection quality control was used to objectively stratify model performance. Skill scores improved for those models that qualitatively simulated the observed rainfall/El Nino- Southern Osc...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Monsoons: Processes, predictability, and the prospects for prediction
Peter J. Webster,V. O. Magaña,Tim Palmer,Jagadish Shukla,Robert A. Tomas,M. Yanai,Tetsuzo Yasunari +6 more
TL;DR: In this article, a thorough description of observed monsoon variability and the physical processes that are thought to be important is presented, and some strategies that may help achieve improvement are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Weakening Relationship Between the Indian Monsoon and ENSO
TL;DR: Analysis of the 140-year historical record suggests that the inverse relationship between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (weak monsoon arising from warm ENSO event) has broken down in recent decades.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rainy Season of the Asian-Pacific Summer Monsoon(.
TL;DR: In this paper, a single rainfall parameter is proposed, and a suite of universal criteria for defining the domain, onset, peak, and withdrawal of the rainy season are developed, revealing a cohesive spatial-temporal structure of the Asian-Pacific monsoon rainy season characteristics.
Journal ArticleDOI
An Overview of the Results of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP I)
W. Lawrence Gates,James S. Boyle,Curt Covey,Clyde G. Dease,Charles Doutriaux,R. Drach,M. Fiorino,Peter J. Gleckler,J. J. Hnilo,Susan M. Marlais,Thomas J. Phillips,Gerald L. Potter,Benjamin D. Santer,Kenneth R. Sperber,Karl E. Taylor,Dean N. Williams +15 more
TL;DR: The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), initiated in 1989 under the auspices of the World Climate Research Programme, undertook the systematic validation and diagnosis of the performance of atmospheric general circulation models.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Asian Summer Monsoon: An Intercomparison of CMIP5 vs. CMIP3 Simulations of the Late 20th Century
Kenneth R. Sperber,H. Annamalai,In-Sik Kang,A. Kitoh,Aurel Moise,Andrew G. Turner,Bin Wang,Tianjun Zhou +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the performance of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-5 (CMIP5) and 22 CMIP3 GCM simulations of the late twentieth century.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global and Regional Scale Precipitation Patterns Associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation
TL;DR: In this article, the amplitude and phase of the Arm harmonic fitted to the 24-month composite values are plotted in the form of a vector for each station, which reveals both the regions of spatially coherent ENSO-related precipitation and the phase of this signal in relation to the evolution of the composite episode.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ECMWF Ensemble Prediction System: Methodology and validation
TL;DR: The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) is described in this article, where each ensemble comprises 32 10-day forecasts starting from initial conditions in which dynamically defined perturbations have been added to the operational analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mean seasonal and spatial variability in gauge‐corrected, global precipitation
TL;DR: In this article, a global climatology of mean monthly precipitation has been developed using traditional land-based gauge measurements and shipboard estimates, and a procedure for correcting gauge-induced biases is presented and used to remove systematic errors caused by wind, wetting on the interior walls of the gauge, and evaporation from the gauge.
Journal ArticleDOI
Precipitation Patterns Associated with the High Index Phase of the Southern Oscillation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between precipitation and the high index phase of the Southern Oscillation (SO) for 19 regions of the globe which have documented low SO index-precipitation relationships (Ropelewski and Halpert 1986, 1987).
Journal ArticleDOI
The ‘southern oscillation’
TL;DR: The Southern Oscillation is a standing fluctuation of opposed pressure anomalies in both eastern and western hemispheres as discussed by the authors, which is a well-known phenomenon in meteorology.
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