Journal ArticleDOI
Linguistic Features of Typographic Emoticons in SMS Discourse
TLDR
This paper used typographic emoticons as linguistic units and observed their structures and uses in sentences, and found that emoticons are not only paraverbal devices, but also structural markers, and play a significant role in the formation of the sentence.Abstract:
With the flourishing of information technology in the last 50 years, electronic communication has become a significant part of our daily lives. As electronic language is written text, it is divorced from gestures, facial expressions, and prosodic features such as intonation, rhythm, and volume. That is why emoticons have entered cyberspace; they infuse electronic communication with an emotional, human touch. This paper deals with typographic emoticons as linguistic units, and observes their structures and uses in sentences. The research corpus covers 258 French text messages collected with anonym questionnaire around the years 2008 - 2009. After a graphic analysis of typographic emoticons, we define ―emoticon structure‖ as ―a pictogram-like unit formed with alphagrams and topograms of distinctive significative function, and visually conditioned to the referent‖. Morphological analysis has shown that, in emoticon structure, graphemes of entirely different significances and functions become morpheme-like units, which, like word morphemes, can be derivational, inflectional, or abbreviated, but never unbound. Relying on a corpus, we isolated the two main uses of the emoticon: non-verbal and verbal. The former is the more frequent use, so it is considered in more detail in this paper. Analysis has shown that emoticons are not only paraverbal devices, but also structural markers, and they play a significant role in the formation of the sentence.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Relevance of Emoticons in Computer-Mediated Communication Contexts: An Overview
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the application of emoticons in computer-mediated communication (CMC) is presented, which shows that emoticons do not just serve as paralanguage elements rather they are compared to word morphemes with distinctive significative functions and could be derivational, inflectional, or abbreviations but not unbound.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
“Nice Picture Comment!” Graphicons in Facebook Comment Threads
TL;DR: Six main functions emerged from the data: mention, reaction, tone modification, riffing, action, and narrative sequence, where Reaction was most common, and emoji expressed the widest array of functions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Not all emoticons are created equal
TL;DR: In this article, emoticons are analyzed from a pragmatic, relevance-theoretic perspective, which entails determining the extent to which emoticons contribute to the eventual relevance of the information communicated by the text typed on the keyboard.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functions of emojis in WhatsApp interaction among Omanis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the functions of emojis as used by Omani men and women friends and relatives in messages exchanged on WhatsApp and found that emoji serve to create alignments between participants, structure interactive exchanges, and indicate message tone.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Impacts of Emoticons on Message Interpretation in Computer-Mediated Communication:
TL;DR: The results indicate that emoticons’ contributions were outweighed by verbal content, but a negativity effect appeared such that any negative message aspect—verbal or graphic—shifts message interpretation in the direction of the negative element.
OtherDOI
Computer‐Mediated Discourse
TL;DR: The study of computer-mediated discourse (henceforth CMD) is a specialization within the broader interdisciplinary study ofComputer-mediated communication (CMC), distinguished by its focus on language and language use in computer networked environments, and by its use of methods of discourse analysis to address that focus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gender, Identity, and Language Use in Teenage Blogs
TL;DR: The results suggest that teenagers stay closer to reality in their online expressions of self than has previously been suggested, and that these explorations involve issues, such as learning about their sexuality, that commonly occur during the adolescent years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Egocentrism over e-mail: Can we communicate as well as we think?
TL;DR: Five experiments suggest that without the benefit of paralinguistic cues such as gesture, emphasis, and intonation, it can be difficult to convey emotion and tone over electronic mail (e-mail).
Journal ArticleDOI
Emotional Expression Online: Gender Differences in Emoticon Use
TL;DR: The changes that take place in emoticon use when moving from same-gender to mixed-gender newsgroups indicate that rather than the emotional expression of females being silenced or muted by male encoding of emoticons, males adopt the female standard of expressing more emotion.
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