Book ChapterDOI
List-Method Directed Forgetting in Cognitive and Clinical Research: A Theoretical and Methodological Review
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The authors provide an up-to-date review of the twenty-first century research and theory on list-method directed forgetting (DF) and related phenomena like the context-change effect.Abstract:
The primary purpose of this chapter is to provide an up-to-date review of the twenty-first century research and theory on list-method directed forgetting (DF) and related phenomena like the context-change effect. Many researchers have assumed that DF is diagnostic of inhibition, but we argue for an alternative, noninhibitory account and suggest reinterpretation of earlier findings. We first describe what DF is and the state of the art with regard to measuring the effect. Then, we review recent evidence that brings DF into the family of effects that can be explained by global memory models. The process-based theory we advocate is that the DF impairment arises from mental context change and that the DF benefits emerge mainly but perhaps not exclusively from changes in encoding strategy. We review evidence (some new to this paper) that strongly suggests that DF arises from the engagement of controlled forgetting strategies that are independent of whether people believed the forget cue or not. Then we describe the vast body of literature supporting that forgetting strategies result in contextual change effects, as well as point out some inconsistencies in the DF literature that need to be addressed in future research. Next, we provide evidence—again, some of it new to this chapter—that the reason people show better memory after a forget cue is that they change encoding strategies. In addition to reviewing the basic research with healthy population, we reinterpret the evidence from the literature on certain clinical populations, providing a critique of the work done to date and outlining ways of improving the methodology for the study of DF in special populations. We conclude with a critical discussion of alternative approaches to understanding DF.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neural mechanisms of motivated forgetting
TL;DR: A neurobiological model of memory control can inform disordered control over memory and electrophysiological activity during motivated forgetting implicates active inhibition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Saving-Enhanced Memory The Benefits of Saving on the Learning and Remembering of New Information
Benjamin C. Storm,Sean M. Stone +1 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that saving provides a means to strategically off-load memory onto the environment in order to reduce the extent to which currently unneeded to-be-remembered information interferes with the learning and remembering of other information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Active Forgetting: Adaptation of Memory by Prefrontal Control
TL;DR: A core discovery concerns the role of the prefrontal cortex in exerting top-down control over mnemonic activity in the hippocampus and other brain structures, often via inhibitory control.
Journal ArticleDOI
Retrieval Potentiates New Learning: A Theoretical and Meta-analytic review
TL;DR: A quantitative review of the literature showed that testing reliably potentiates the future learning of new materials by increasing correct recall or by reducing erroneous intrusions, and several factors have a powerful impact on whether testing potentiates or impairs new learning.
Journal ArticleDOI
The human hippocampus contributes to both the recollection and familiarity components of recognition memory
TL;DR: High-frequency activity is measured in subjects undergoing direct brain recordings and found that hippocampal HFA dissociated based on both the stimulus evidence presented and the response choice, indicating that the hippocampus supports both the recollection and familiarity processes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Disruption of Inhibitory Control of Memory Following Lesions to the Frontal and Temporal Lobes
TL;DR: Impairment to executive thought avoidance control processes in frontal patients and impaired knowledge access to long-term memory in temporal patients are explained.
Journal ArticleDOI
The "One-Shot" Hypothesis for Context Storage.
TL;DR: In 3 experiments motivated by the implicit memory literature, the authors investigated the effects of different strengthening operations on the list strength effect (LSE) for explicit free recall, an effect posited by R. Clark (1990) to be due to context cuing.
Journal ArticleDOI
The disruption and dissolution of directed forgetting : Inhibitory control of memory
TL;DR: In a series of directed forgetting experiments, the authors found that inhibition of a to-be-forgotten (TBF) list could be disrupted by a secondary task and completely abolished by a concurrent memory load during second to be-remembered (TBR) list learning.
Book ChapterDOI
The Role of Inhibitory Control in Forgetting Unwanted Memories: A Consideration of Three Methods
TL;DR: It is argued that the ability to control memory is a special case of a broad class of situations thought to require executive control: response override, a function thought to be accomplished by inhibitory processes that suppress the response, enabling more flexible, context-sensitive control over behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Remembering can cause inhibition: Retrieval-induced inhibition as cue independent process
Harm Veling,Ad van Knippenberg +1 more
TL;DR: This study showed for the 1st time that retrieval-induced forgetting was demonstrated on an implicit test of memory, and measured this inhibition in a more direct way using recall as a dependent measure.