Journal ArticleDOI
Literature Review: Update on Amphetamine Neurotoxicity and Its Relevance to the Treatment of ADHD:
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TLDR
Clinification of the neurological consequences of chronic AMPH treatment for ADHD is needed because more recent studies appear contradictory.Abstract:
Objective: A review of amphetamine treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was conducted, to obtain information on the long-term neurological consequences of this therapy. Met...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Review of the Pathophysiology, Etiology, and Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Alok Sharma,Justin Couture +1 more
TL;DR: This review focuses on the pathophysiology, etiology, and treatment of ADHD and details the adverse effects and drug interaction profiles of the drugs used to treat it.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abuse of amphetamines and structural abnormalities in the brain.
Steven M. Berman,Joseph O'Neill,Scott C. Fears,George Bartzokis,George Bartzokis,Edythe D. London +5 more
TL;DR: Evidence that structural brain abnormalities are associated with abuse of amphetamines is reviewed and longitudinal designs in which multimodal datasets are acquired and are subjected to multivariate analyses would enhance the ability to provide general conclusions regarding the associations between amphetamine abuse and brain structure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential adverse effects of amphetamine treatment on brain and behavior: a review
TL;DR: Overall, there is concern about risk for slowed growth in young patients who are dosed continuously, and for substance abuse in patients first medicated in late adolescence or adulthood, and it is noteworthy that amphetamines are also the most abused prescription medications.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Potential for Misuse and Abuse of Medications in ADHD: A Review
David B. Clemow,Daniel J. Walker +1 more
TL;DR: The data suggest that ADHD medication misuse and diversion are common health care problems for stimulant medications, with the prevalence believed to be approximately 5% of high school students and 5% to 35% of college students, depending on the study.
Journal ArticleDOI
ADHD, substance use disorders, and psychostimulant treatment: current literature and treatment guidelines.
TL;DR: In treating patients with ADHD and comorbid substance use, psychostimulants may be a useful pharmacologic alternative, however, the risks of such treatment with high-risk populations must be considered alongside potential benefits.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enduring changes in brain and behavior produced by chronic amphetamine administration: A review and evaluation of animal models of amphetamine psychosis
Terry E. Robinson,Jill B. Becker +1 more
TL;DR: There is not convincing evidence for an increase in postsynaptic DA receptors or in DA synthesis in animals sensitized to AMPH, but there is strong evidence to support the notion that behavioral sensitization is due to enhanced mesotelencephalic DA release, especially upon re-exposure to the drug.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association of Dopamine Transporter Reduction With Psychomotor Impairment in Methamphetamine Abusers
Nora D. Volkow,Linda Chang,Gene-Jack Wang,Joanna S. Fowler,Maria Leonido-Yee,Dinko Franceschi,Mark J. Sedler,S. John Gatley,Robert Hitzemann,Yu-Shin Ding,Jean Logan,Christopher Wong,Eric N. Miller +12 more
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that methamphetamine at dose levels taken by human abusers of the drug leads to dopamine transporter reduction that is associated with motor and cognitive impairment and the urgency of alerting clinicians and the public of the long-term changes that methamphetamine can induce in the human brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-medical use of prescription stimulants among US college students: prevalence and correlates from a national survey
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that non-medical use of prescription stimulants is more prevalent among particular subgroups of US college students and types of colleges and intervention efforts are needed to curb this form of drug use.
Journal ArticleDOI
The behavior of children receiving benzedrine
TL;DR: The psychological reactions of 30 behavior problem children who received benzedrine sulfate for one week were observed, and there was a spectacular improvement in school performance in half of the children.
Journal ArticleDOI
Does stimulant therapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder beget later substance abuse? A meta-analytic review of the literature.
TL;DR: It is suggested that stimulant therapy in childhood is associated with a reduction in the risk for subsequent drug and alcohol use disorders.
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