Journal ArticleDOI
Localization and transcription of a retrotransposon-derived element on the maize B chromosome
Jonathan C. Lamb,Jonathan C. Lamb,Nicole C. Riddle,Nicole C. Riddle,Ya-Ming Cheng,James Theuri,James A. Birchler +6 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Using the LTR divergence of retroelements interrupting the B-specific sequences, the minimum age of the StarkB repeat array and, by inference, of the B chromosome, was estimated to be 2 million years.Abstract:
Dispensable chromosomes in addition to the normal complement in diverse taxa are called B chromosomes. The maize B chromosome is discernible in mitotic chromosome spreads as a small compact chromosome composed mainly of heterochromatin. Although much of this chromosome consists of repetitive elements common to the A chromosomes, several sequences specific to the B chromosome have been identified. In the work described here we used the sequence from a B-specific RAPD (random amplification of polymorphic DNA) marker, pBGBM18.2, to isolate another DNA element, StarkB, present in many copies on the B chromosome. StarkB was mapped to the third and fourth blocks of distal heterochromatin using translocation breakpoints and fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH). Sequence analysis revealed that StarkB is composed of fragments from the A genome as well as B-specific sequences. The StarkB element is much larger than the other B-specific elements and is not present in large tandem arrays. Different copies of StarkB varied by small insertions, deletions, and duplications as well as single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Reverse transcriptase PCR showed that portions of the StarkB element are expressed. Using the LTR divergence of retroelements interrupting the B-specific sequences, the minimum age of the StarkB repeat array and, by inference, of the B chromosome, was estimated to be 2 million years.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolution and biology of supernumerary B chromosomes.
TL;DR: This work summarizes the latest findings on supernumerary chromosomes with a special focus on the origin, DNA composition, and the non-Mendelian accumulation mechanism of Bs.
Journal ArticleDOI
B chromosome ancestry revealed by histone genes in the migratory locust.
TL;DR: Strong evidence for B chromosome ancestry in the migratory locust is provided, based on the location of genes for the H3 and H4 histones in the B chromosome and a single A chromosome pair, showing the B-chromosome ability to persist in natural populations for long periods of time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genes on B chromosomes: old questions revisited with new tools.
Ali Mohammad Banaei-Moghaddam,Mihaela Martis,Jiří Macas,Heidrun Gundlach,Axel Himmelbach,Lothar Altschmied,Klaus F. X. Mayer,Andreas Houben +7 more
TL;DR: Recent data suggest that B chromosomes carry transcriptionally active genic sequences which could affect the transcriptome profile of their host genome and this makes B chromosome a nice model for studying regulatory mechanisms of duplicated genes and their evolutionary consequences.
Journal ArticleDOI
High-copy sequences reveal distinct evolution of the rye B chromosome.
Sonja Klemme,Ali Mohammad Banaei-Moghaddam,Jiri Macas,Thomas Wicker,Petr Novák,Andreas Houben +5 more
TL;DR: All B-enriched sequences are not unique to the B but are also present in other Secale species, suggesting the origin of the B from As of the same genus, and highlights the differences between As and Bs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chromosomes with a life of their own
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent developments in the Bs of rye and maize, two of the species currently receiving most attention, and on the molecular basis of their structural organisation and mechanisms of drive, as well as on their mode of origin and potential applications in plant biotechnology.
References
More filters
Book
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual
TL;DR: Molecular Cloning has served as the foundation of technical expertise in labs worldwide for 30 years as mentioned in this paper and has been so popular, or so influential, that no other manual has been more widely used and influential.
Journal ArticleDOI
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool
TL;DR: A new approach to rapid sequence comparison, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), directly approximates alignments that optimize a measure of local similarity, the maximal segment pair (MSP) score.
Book
Molecular cloning : a laboratory manual
Joseph Sambrook,David W. Russell +1 more
TL;DR: The content has been entirely recast to include nucleic-acid based methods selected as the most widely used and valuable in molecular and cellular biology laboratories.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of Complete Gene Structures in Human Genomic DNA
TL;DR: A general probabilistic model of the gene structure of human genomic sequences which incorporates descriptions of the basic transcriptional, translational and splicing signals, as well as length distributions and compositional features of exons, introns and intergenic regions is introduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nested Retrotransposons in the Intergenic Regions of the Maize Genome
Phillip SanMiguel,Alexander Tikhonov,Young Kwan Jin,Natasha Motchoulskaia,Dmitrii Zakharov,Admasu Melake-Berhan,Patricia S. Springer,Keith J. Edwards,Michael Lee,Zoya V Avramova,Jeffrey L. Bennetzen +10 more
TL;DR: Diagnostic sequencing indicated that a 280-kilobase region containing the maize Adh1-F and u22 genes is composed primarily of retrotransposons inserted within each other, and ten retroelement families were discovered.
Related Papers (5)
Molecular characterization of a maize B chromosome centric sequence.
M R Alfenito,James A. Birchler +1 more