Showing papers in "Biochimica et Biophysica Acta in 2015"

TL;DR: Mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of marine n-3 fatty acids include altered cell membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition, disruption of lipid rafts, and inhibition of activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B so reducing expression of inflammatory genes.

TL;DR: The EFI-EST (Enzyme Function Initiative-Enzyme Similarity Tool) web tool is announced that is available without cost for the automated generation of SSNs by the community and is designed as a tutorial that will allow members of the community to use the E FI-EST web tool for exploring sequence/function space in protein families.

TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent developments in lung cancer biology and its therapeutic strategies, and discuss the latest treatment advances including therapies currently under clinical investigation.

TL;DR: The knowledge of the Myc-dependent cell cycle regulatory mechanisms will help to discover new therapeutic approaches directed against malignancies with deregulated Myc.

TL;DR: An overview over theses sampling methods is presented in an attempt to shed light on which should be selected depending on the type of system property studied, and whether metadynamics and replica-exchange molecular dynamics are the most adopted sampling methods to study biomolecular dynamics.

TL;DR: This review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge on the physiological roles of different mammalian LOX-isoforms and their patho-physiological function in inflammatory, metabolic, hyperproliferative, neurodegenerative and infectious disorders.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the Keap1–Nrf2 pathway regulates both mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS production through NADPH oxidase, which supports a key role of the KeAP1-NRF2 pathway in redox homeostasis within the cell.

TL;DR: Mucin biology is dynamic and the processes of degradation and turnover are well integrated with biosynthesis to maintain a continuous mucosal protection against all external aggressive forces.

TL;DR: Selective inhibition of PI3Kδ, γ or β has each been shown to reduce the severity of inflammation in one or more models of autoimmune disease, respiratory disease or allergic inflammation, with dual γ/δ or β/ δ inhibition generally proving more effective.

TL;DR: The most recent advances in the field are covered, with special focus on the metabolic actions of resveratrol and the potential role of SIRT1 and AMPK.

TL;DR: 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) catalyzes two steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes (LTs), lipid mediators of inflammation derived from arachidonic acid, which have roles in many disease states where acute or chronic inflammation is part of the pathophysiology.

TL;DR: Identification and structural elucidation of these new families of bioactive mediators in resolution has opened the possibility of diverse patho-physiologic actions in several processes including infection, inflammatory pain, tissue regeneration, neuroprotection-neurodegenerative disorders, wound healing, and others.

TL;DR: These mechanisms represent two independent solutions to the formation of complex bioinorganic active sites for catalyzing the simplest of chemical reactions, reversible hydrogen oxidation, and are arguably the most profound case of convergent evolution.

TL;DR: A "dynamic partitioning hypothesis" is proposed for the promiscuous interactions and pleotropic functions exhibited by sHsps, which exhibit a robust anti-apoptotic property, involving several stages of mitochondrial-mediated, extrinsic apoptotic as well as pro-survival pathways.

TL;DR: The present knowledge on chromatin-based mechanisms potentially involved in the somatic-to-embryogenic developmental transition is summarized, emphasizing the potential role of the chromatin to integrate stress, hormonal, and developmental pathways leading to the activation of the embryogenic program.

TL;DR: HX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a recently discovered long non-coding RNA that plays critical role in gene regulation and chromatin dynamics, appears to be misregulated in a variety of cancers.

TL;DR: The recent advances in PGE2 receptor research are reviewed by focusing on the activation of mast cells via the EP3 receptor and the control of helper T cells through the EP2/4 receptor, which are the molecular mechanisms involved in P GE2-induced inflammation that had been unknown for many years.

TL;DR: Evidence implicating RNA granules in the pathogenesis of cancer and their potential as targets for anticancer therapies are examined.

TL;DR: This review aims in summarizing and providing the recent developments of the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the potential anticancer effects of selenium compounds, as well as designing and optimizing compounds with more specific antitumor properties for possible future application in the treatment of cancer.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that blockade of exosome generation in sepsis dampens the sepsi-triggered inflammatory response and thereby, improves cardiac function and survival.

TL;DR: The most recent findings on mechanisms of action involved in the protective effects of this multi target polyphenol are summarized, and its possible roles in the prevention of various age-related neurological disorders are discussed.

TL;DR: Results show that resveratrol holds great potential to treat diabetes and would be useful to support conventional therapy, and anti-oxidant andanti-inflammatory effects of this compound were shown to be also involved in its action in diabetic animals.

TL;DR: New evidence points to other facets of mitochondrial dysfunction which may nevertheless suggest the mitochondrion retains a critical role at the center of a complex web of processes leading to cellular and organismal aging.

TL;DR: Special focus is given to the use of IsoPs as biomarkers in obesity, ischemia-reperfusion injury, the central nervous system, cancer, and genetic disorders, and attention is paid to diet and lifestyle factors that can affect endogenous levels of ISoPs.

TL;DR: Findings from some of the studies that have assessed the remodeling of the calcium signal associated with tumorigenesis and/or processes important in invasion and metastasis are presented and the potential of new methodologies is discussed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that extracellular acidification by myoblasts given glucose is 66% glycolytic and 34% respiratory and a method to differentiate these sources is described, using simultaneous measurement of oxygen consumption rate.

TL;DR: Major aspects of the journey of iron from its initial cellular uptake, its modes of trafficking within cells, to an overview of its downstream utilization in the cytoplasm and within mitochondria are discussed.

TL;DR: Much of the preclinical and clinical evidence for the role of resveratrol in the treatment of cardiovascular disease is reviewed and information about the physiological and molecular signaling mechanisms involved is provided.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the current knowledge of regulation of the repair cycle of PSII in higher plant chloroplasts and the function of the number ofPSII auxiliary proteins involved both in the biogenesis and repair of PS II.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the most recent discoveries in the field with an emphasis on USH genes, protein complexes and functions in various tissues as well as progress toward therapeutic development for USH.