Malaria on the move: human population movement and malaria transmission.
Pim Martens,Lisbeth Hall +1 more
TLDR
Identifying and understanding the influence of these population movements can improve prevention measures and malaria control programs.Abstract:
Reports of malaria are increasing in many countries and in areas thought free of the disease. One of the factors contributing to the reemergence of malaria is human migration. People move for a number of reasons, including environmental deterioration, economic necessity, conflicts, and natural disasters. These factors are most likely to affect the poor, many of whom live in or near malarious areas. Identifying and understanding the influence of these population movements can improve prevention measures and malaria control programs.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Malaria in 2002
TL;DR: The burden of malaria is increasing, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, because of drug and insecticide resistance and social and environmental changes, and there is an urgent need for vaccines, new drugs and insecticides.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Change and Human Vulnerability to Vector-Borne Diseases
TL;DR: Impacts on vector-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, infections by other arboviruses, schistosomiasis, trypanosomosis, onchocerciasis, and leishmaniasis are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The changing epidemiology of malaria elimination: new strategies for new challenges
Chris Cotter,Hugh J. W. Sturrock,Michelle S. Hsiang,Jenny Liu,Allison A. Phillips,Jimee Hwang,Jimee Hwang,Cara Smith Gueye,Nancy Fullman,Roly Gosling,Richard G A Feachem +10 more
TL;DR: The shift in the populations most at risk of malaria raises important questions for malaria-eliminating countries, since traditional control interventions are likely to be less effective.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Human Movement in the Transmission of Vector-Borne Pathogens
Steven T. Stoddard,Amy C. Morrison,Gonzalo M. Vazquez-Prokopec,Valerie A. Paz Soldan,Tadeusz J. Kochel,Uriel Kitron,John P. Elder,Thomas W. Scott +7 more
TL;DR: A conceptual model is developed to evaluate the importance of variation in exposure due to individual human movements for pathogen transmission, focusing on mosquito-borne dengue virus, showing that the relevance of human movement at a particular scale depends on vector behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Malaria transmission in urban sub-Saharan Africa
Vincent Robert,Kate Macintyre,Joseph Keating,J. F. Trape,Jean-Bernard Duchemin,McWilson Warren,John C. Beier +6 more
TL;DR: Evidence from past literature is presented to build a conceptual framework to begin to explain this heterogeneity in malaria transmission and the potential for malaria epidemics owing to decreasing levels of natural immunity being offset by negative impacts of urbanization on the larval ecology of anopheline mosquitoes.
References
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Book
Malaria: Principles and Practice of Malariology
TL;DR: This account covers the biology of malaria parasites and their arthopod vectors, host/parasite relationships, the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, and its epidemiology.
Journal Article
Malaria in the African highlands: past, present and future.
TL;DR: The results obtained using a mathematical model designed to identify these epidemic-prone regions in the African highlands and the differences expected to occur as a result of projected global climate change are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and future populations at risk of malaria
Pim Martens,R.S. Kovats,S. Nijhof,P.J.F. de Vries,Matthew Livermore,David J. Bradley,Jonathan Cox,Anthony J. McMichael +7 more
TL;DR: This assessment uses an improved version of the MIASMA malaria model, which incorporates knowledge about the current distributions and characteristics of the main mosquito species of malaria, and predicts the greatest proportional changes in potential transmission are forecast to occur in temperate zones.
Journal ArticleDOI
The public health aspects of complex emergencies and refugee situations
Michael J. Toole,R. J. Waldman +1 more
TL;DR: The most effective measures to prevent mortality and morbidity in complex emergencies include protection from violence; the provision of adequate food rations, clean water and sanitation; diarrheal disease control; measles immunization; maternal and child health care; case management of common endemic communicable diseases; and selective feeding programs, when indicated.