Journal ArticleDOI
Material Characterization of Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) Produced by a Sustainable Continuous Casting–Heat Treatment Process
Anil Meena,Mohamed El Mansori +1 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors explored the new processing technology for direct manufacturing of lightweight austempered ductile iron (ADI) casting in a permanent mold, which is based on the innovative integrated approach toward casting and heat-treatment process.Abstract:
Selecting a suitable manufacturing process is one way of achieving sustainability of a product by diminishing energy consumption during its production cycle and improving material efficiency. The article attempts to explore the new processing technology for direct manufacturing of lightweight austempered ductile iron (ADI) casting in a permanent mold. The new processing technology is based on the innovative integrated approach toward casting and heat-treatment process. In this technology, the ductile iron samples obtained using the permanent mold are first austenized immediately after solidification process followed by austempering heat treatment in the fluidized bed and then air cooled at room temperature to obtain ADI material. The influence of austempering time on the microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and strain-hardening behavior of ADI was studied. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed to correlate the mechanical properties with microstructural characteristics. It was observed that the mechanical properties of resulting ADI samples were influenced by the microstructural transformations and varied retained austenite volume fractions obtained due to different austempering time. The results indicate that the strain-hardening behavior of the ADI material is influenced by the carbon content of retained austenite.read more
Citations
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Specific cutting force, tool wear and chip morphology characteristics during dry drilling of austempered ductile iron (ADI)
Anil Meena,M. El Mansori +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of cutting conditions on chip morphology and surface roughness is also investigated, and the experimental results revealed that the combination of low feed rate and higher cutting speed leads to higher mechanical and thermal loads on the tool's cutting edge, resulting in higher specific cutting force values.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the significance to use dislocation-density-related constitutive equations to correlate strain hardening with microstructure of metallic alloys: The case of conventional and austempered ductile irons
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the empirical Hollomon equation and the dislocation-density-related Voce equation to analyze the different strain hardening behaviors of DIs and ADIs, and found that the DIs strain-hardening behavior was mainly caused by the fine pearlitic structure, consisting of ferritic lamellae with sub-micrometric widths.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of the microstructure evolution of an austempered ductile iron during austempering process through strain hardening analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined a procedure based on tensile testing to assess the critical range of austempering times for having the best ausferrite produced through Austempering.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advanced Properties of Ausferritic Ductile Iron Obtained in As-Cast Conditions
TL;DR: In this article, the physical properties of the ausferritic as-cast materials were characterized and an experimental model was developed to define the optimal processing parameters of castings presenting different thermal moduli, in terms of chemical composition, temperatures and time parameters.
References
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Basic processes controlling the nucleation of graphite nodules in chill cast iron
TL;DR: The role played by the additives to the melt, both in terms of their abilities to increase the density of nodules in castings and the more fundamental question of how they influence the mechanism of graphite nucleation was explored in this paper.
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Influence of microalloying and heat treatment on the kinetics of bainitic reaction in austempered ductile iron
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of alloying additions and autoenitizing temperature on the transformation kinetics of austenite in a ductile iron austempered at 300 and 400 °C has been investigated.
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Carbon content of austenite in austempered ductile iron
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate that the data of ADI from numerous sources have a similar trend and demonstrate that a key factor controlling the stability of the retained austenite can be evaluated soundly using the thermodynamics principles.
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Transformation characteristics of ductile iron austempered from intercritical austenitizing temperature ranges
TL;DR: In this paper, the transformation characteristics of ductile cast iron from intercritical austenitization temperature ranges were investigated and a microstructure map was created to illustrate the transformation of products quantitatively as a function of austempering time for a particular intercritical and heat treatment temperature and time.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of austempering time on mechanical properties of a low manganese austempered ductile iron
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the influence of microstructure and the room-temperature mechanical properties of an unalloyed and low manganese ductile cast iron with initially ferritic as-cast structure.