Open AccessJournal Article
Metabolic activation of styrene by erythrocytes detected as increased sister chromatid exchanges in cultured human lymphocytes.
TLDR
The results show that erythrocytes are essential for the activation of Styrene in the lymphocyte test system, which probably results from the conversion of styrene into styrene 7,8-oxide by oxyhemoglobin.Abstract:
Styrene induces sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in human whole-blood lymphocyte cultures without exogenous metabolizing systems, which indicates that styrene is metabolically activated in this in vitro system. Whole-blood lymphocyte cultures from 11 male donors showed a clear increase in SCEs after a 48-hr treatment with styrene (2 mM) or with the reactive metabolite styrene 7,8-oxide (0.15 mM). Styrene (0.5 to 4 mM) induced a distinct dose-dependent increase of SCEs in whole-blood cultures (with 200 to 400 million red blood cells/ml) but only a slight effect in purified lymphocyte cultures (with 20,000 red blood cells/ml). SCE induction by styrene (2 mM) depended on the amount of red blood cells (0.02 to 2000 million/ml) added to the purified lymphocyte cultures. Cyclophosphamide, studied for comparison, clearly increased SCEs irrespective of the presence of erythrocytes. The results show that erythrocytes are essential for the activation of styrene in the lymphocyte test system. This activation probably results from the conversion of styrene into styrene 7,8-oxide by oxyhemoglobin.read more
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Biological Reactive Intermediates III
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Journal ArticleDOI
Smoking and sister chromatid exchange
TL;DR: The effects of individual smoking habits should be taken into account in evaluations of the effects of exogenous agents on SCE frequencies, on the basis of the present data, which confirm previous results.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of six carcinogens on SCE frequency and cell kinetics in cultured human lymphocytes
TL;DR: It was found that the two parameters, cell fluorescence and SCE frequency, are useful in estimating cumulative damage produced by a chemical over several divisions and could be applied to mutagen and carcinogen screening tests.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cytogenetic effects of contrast media and triiodobenzoic acid derivatives in human lymphocytes.
TL;DR: To discover the agents in the medium causing the cytogenetic damage, human lymphocyte cultures were exposed to diatrizoate and to the monoamino- and diamino-derivatives of triiodobenzoic acid.