Book ChapterDOI
Minor components in transfer RNA: their characterization, location, and function.
TLDR
The chapter discusses that it is possible to increase the content of a minor component by separating short chains of oligonucleotides containing the required minor components, and also to correlate the presence of particular minor components with codon recognition of tRNA.Abstract:
Publisher Summary This chapter reviews that the presence of a variety of minor components has been considered to be one of the typical characteristics of tRNA. Elucidation of the primary sequences of numerous tRNA's has established that minor components are located in specific regions of the tRNA molecule, as arranged in a cloverleaf structure. The minor components in tRNA's is classified into three groups depending upon their locations in the molecule, including: (1) minor components located in the first position of the anticodon, (2) minor components located next to the 3´-OH end of the anticodon, and (3) minor components located in other parts of the tRNA molecule. The chapter discusses that it is possible to increase the content of a minor component by separating short chains of oligonucleotides containing the required minor components. This is possibly the only way to be certain that the component is a part of the tRNA and not an impurity carried through the isolation procedure. When unfractionated tRNA is used as a source of minor components, it is impossible to deduce their locations in the tRNA molecule or to be certain that they are indeed in the tRNA molecule at all. The chapter reviews that the availability of numerous tRNA's enabled to characterize several minor components, and also to correlate the presence of particular minor components with codon recognition of tRNA.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Correlation Between the Abundance of Escherichia Coli Transfer RNAs and the Occurrence of the Respective Codons in Its Protein Genes: A Proposal for a Synonymous Codon Choice That Is Optimal for the E. Coli Translational System
TL;DR: The finding that the frequency of usage of optimal codons is closely correlated with the production levels of individual genes was discussed from an evolutionary viewpoint.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correlation between the abundance of Escherichia coli transfer RNAs and the occurrence of the respective codons in its protein genes
TL;DR: A strong positive correlation between the tRNA abundance and the choice of codons, among both synonymous codons and those corresponding to different amino acids, was found for all E. coli protein genes that had been sequenced completely; the correlation was less significant for the phage genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Correlation between the abundance of yeast transfer RNAs and the occurrence of the respective codons in protein genes: Differences in synonymous codon choice patterns of yeast and Escherichia coli with reference to the abundance of isoaccepting transfer RNAs
TL;DR: Clear correlations between predictions and the actual preferences among synonymous codons were revealed, indicating that the codon choices in yeast genes are also constrained by a combination of tRNA availability and nature of its codon recognition.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Cytokinins
and D S Letham,Lok Man S. Palni +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
Complete analysis of cellular nucleotides by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography.
Barry R. Bochner,Bruce N. Ames +1 more
TL;DR: These methods are used to analyze and inventory the nucleotide content of Salmonella typhimurium in balanced log phase growth and developed a set of enzymatic and chemical methods to be used in conjunction with the chromatographic separations for verifying the identity of nucleotide and characterizing novel nucleotides.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Codon--anticodon pairing: the wobble hypothesis.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is suggested that while the standard base pairs may be used rather strictly in the first two positions of the triplet, there may be some wobble in the pairing of the third base.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rna codewords and protein synthesis. the effect of trinucleotides upon the binding of srna to ribosomes.
TL;DR: Property of the codeword recognition process and the minimum oligonucleotide chain length required to induce such interactions are presented, and the modification of RNA and DNA codewords, converting sense into missense or nonsense codewording, is suggested as a possible regulatory mechanism in protein synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
A two-dimensional fractionation procedure for radioactive nucleotides
TL;DR: High-voltage ionophoresis is used in both dimensions for the two-dimensional fractionation of ribonuclease digests of 32P-labelled RNA and the determination of the sequence of a nucleotide by partial digestion with spleen phosphodiesterase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Amber suppression: a nucleotide change in the anticodon of a tyrosine transfer RNA.
TL;DR: In certain mutants a single base change alters the meaning of a messenger codon in such a way that, instead of spelling out an amino-acid, it spells out chain termination.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ribonucleic acids from yeast which contain a fifth nucleotide.
TL;DR: The present communication deals with the isolation, purification, and characterization of the ribon nucleic acids which are soluble in sodium chloride, and also describes the isolation and certain properties of a fifth nucleotide component which became evident in studying the action of ribonuclease on these ribonucleic acids.
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Malcolm L. Gefter,R.L. Russell +1 more