Multiplex PCR screening to detect cry9 genes in Bacillus thuringiensis strains.
Eitan Ben-Dov,Qingfeng Wang,Arieh Zaritsky,Robert Manasherob,Ze'ev Barak,Bert Schneider,Aloviddin Khamraev,Mukhtar Baizhanov,Victor Glupov,Yoel Margalith +9 more
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TLDR
A set of universal (Un9) and specific primers for multiplex rapid screening for all four known genes from the cry9 group was designed and complements the existing PCR methodology for most currently known cry genes.Abstract:
An extended PCR method was established to rapidly identify and classify Bacillus thuringiensis strains containing cry (crystal protein) genes toxic to lepidopteran, coleopteran, and dipteran pests (Ben-Dov et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:4883–4890, 1997). To optimize identification of all reported cry genes, this methodology needs a complete PCR set of primers. In the study reported here, a set of universal (Un9) and specific primers for multiplex rapid screening for all four known genes from the cry9 group was designed. PCR analyses were performed for cry9 genes on 16 standard strains and 215 field isolates of B. thuringiensis. Among the standard strains, only B. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai HD-133, which harbors cry1 and cry2 genes, was positive with Un9 but negative to all four specific primers for cry9 genes. DNA of 22 field-collected isolates was also found to be positive with Un9. These isolates were classified into three cry9 profiles using specific primers; all of them harbor cry1 and cry2. This newly designed set of primers complements the existing PCR methodology for most currently known cry genes.read more
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Risks for public health related to the presence of Bacillus cereus and other Bacillus spp. including Bacillus thuringiensis in foodstuffs
Ana Allende,Declan Bolton,Marianne Chemaly,Robert Davies,Pablo Salvador Fernández Escámez,Rosina Girones,Lieve Herman,Kostas Koutsoumanis,Roland Lindqvist,Birgit Nørrung,Antonia Ricci,Lucy J. Robertson,Giuseppe Ru,Moez Sanaa,Marion Simmons,Panagiotis N. Skandamis,Emma Snary,Niko Speybroeck,Benno H. ter Kuile,John Threlfall,Helene Wahlström +20 more
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Identification of cry1I-Type Genes from Bacillus thuringiensis Strains and Characterization of a Novel cry1I-Type Gene
Fuping Song,Jie Zhang,Aixing Gu,Yue Wu,Lan-Lan Han,Kanglai He,Zhongyi Chen,Jiang Yao,Yuqin Hu,Guoxun Li,Dafang Huang +10 more
TL;DR: A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism method for identification of cry1I-type genes from Bacillus thuringiensis was established by designing a pair of universal primers based on the conserved regions of the genes to amplify 1,548-bp cry1i-type gene fragments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of cry1, cry2, and cry9 genes in Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from China.
TL;DR: Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from different ecological regions and sources of China were analyzed to study the distribution and diversity of cry genes and to detect the presence of novel cry genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diversity of Colombian strains of Bacillus thuringiensis with insecticidal activity against dipteran and lepidopteran insects.
TL;DR: The objective is to evaluate the genetic and molecular diversity and insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from all the natural regions of Colombia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Lepidoptera-active cry and vip genes in Iranian Bacillus thuringiensis strain collection
TL;DR: The characterization of 70 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains isolated from different agro-ecological regions of Iran is presented and several strains may contain a new gene or genes that seem promising for biological control of insects and management of resistance.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Revision of the Nomenclature for the Bacillus thuringiensis Pesticidal Crystal Proteins
Neil Crickmore,Daniel R. Zeigler,Jerald S. Feitelson,E. Schnepf,J. Van Rie,Didier Lereclus,J. Baum,Donald H. Dean +7 more
TL;DR: A new nomenclature, based on hierarchical clustering using amino acid sequence identity, is proposed, consisting of 133 crystal proteins comprising 24 primary ranks are systematically arranged.
Journal ArticleDOI
Managing Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins
W. H. McGaughey,Mark E. Whalon +1 more
TL;DR: Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxins provide an alternative to chemical insecticides for controlling many species of pest insects and the discovery that insects can adapt to these toxins raises concerns about the long-term usefulness of B.t. toxins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of cry Genes in a Mexican Bacillus thuringiensis Strain Collection
Alejandra Bravo,Sergio Sarabia,Lorena Monserrat Lina López,Hernesto Ontiveros,Carolina Abarca,Anabel Ortiz,Miriam Velázquez Ortiz,Laura Lina,Francisco J. Villalobos,Guadalupe Peña,Maria Eugenia Nuñez-Valdez,Mario Soberón,Rodolfo Quintero +12 more
TL;DR: The results indicate the presence of strains that may harbor potentially novel Cry proteins as well as strains with combinations of less frequently observed cry genes, which could lead to novel bioinsecticidal products.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prediction of insecticidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains by polymerase chain reaction product profiles.
TL;DR: Insecticidal activity predicted by the PCR screen was found to correspond with the insecticidal activity of insect bioassays, indicating the screen can identify strains with altered electrophoretic patterns containing potentially novel genes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Extended Screening by PCR for Seven cry-Group Genes from Field-Collected Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis
Eitan Ben-Dov,Arieh Zaritsky,E. Dahan,Ze'ev Barak,R. Sinai,Robert Manasherob,A Khamraev,E Troitskaya,A. Dubitsky,N. Berezina,Yoel Margalith +10 more
TL;DR: An extended multiplex PCR method was established to rapidly identify and classify Bacillus thuringiensis strains containing cry (crystal protein) genes toxic to species of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Diptera, thus facilitating subsequent toxicity assays.