Never seem to find the time: evaluating the physiological time course of visual word recognition with regression analysis of single-item event-related potentials
Sarah Laszlo,Kara D. Federmeier +1 more
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TLDR
This article examined the time course of influence of variables ranging from relatively perceptual (e.g., bigram frequency) to relatively semantic on ERP responses, analysed at the single-item level.Abstract:
Visual word recognition is a process that, both hierarchically and in parallel, draws on different types of information ranging from perceptual to orthographic to semantic. A central question concerns when and how these different types of information come online and interact after a word form is initially perceived. Numerous studies addressing aspects of this question have been conducted with a variety of techniques [e.g., behaviour, eye-tracking, event-related potentials (ERPs)], and divergent theoretical models, suggesting different overall speeds of word processing, have coalesced around clusters of mostly method-specific results. Here, we examine the time course of influence of variables ranging from relatively perceptual (e.g., bigram frequency) to relatively semantic (e.g., the number of lexical associates) on ERP responses, analysed at the single-item level. Our results, in combination with a critical review of the literature, suggest methodological, analytic and theoretical factors that may have led to inconsistency in results of past studies; we will argue that consideration of these factors may lead to a reconciliation between divergent views of the speed of word recognition.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The impact of visual cues during visual word recognition in deaf readers: An ERP study
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors compared the time course of lexical access in deaf and hearing readers of similar reading ability and found that deaf readers rely more on visual characteristics than typical hearing readers during visual word recognition.
Journal ArticleDOI
Individual Differences in Reading Speed are Linked to Variability in the Processing of Lexical and Contextual Information: Evidence from Single-trial Event-related Brain Potentials.
TL;DR: These data show that different lexical factors influence word processing through dissociable mechanisms and support a dynamic semantic-memory access model of the N400, in which information at multiple levels simultaneously contributes to the unfolding neural dynamics of comprehension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Context-Based Facilitation in Visual Word Recognition: Evidence for Visual and Lexical But Not Pre-Lexical Contributions
TL;DR: An interaction of context and lexical familiarity is found, such that stimuli with associated meaning showed the strongest context-dependent facilitation in brain activation and behavior, and it is suggested that the facilitatory context effects found here are implemented using a predictive coding mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Semantic constraint, reading control, and the granularity of form-based expectations during semantic processing: Evidence from ERPs
TL;DR: Results support a nuanced view of early visual processing, namely one arguing that visual processing is more fine-grained the more control participants have over how they read.
Book ChapterDOI
Attention in Reading
TL;DR: The chapter will demonstrate that attention during reading is intimately linked with language comprehension, both at the single word level and at the whole sentence level.
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Marta Kutas,Steven A. Hillyard +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Thirty years and counting: Finding meaning in the N400 component of the event related brain potential (ERP)
Marta Kutas,Kara D. Federmeier +1 more
TL;DR: The effectiveness of the N400 as a dependent variable for examining almost every aspect of language processing is emphasized and its expanding use to probe semantic memory is highlighted to determine how the neurocognitive system dynamically and flexibly uses bottom-up and top-down information to make sense of the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
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