Journal ArticleDOI
On an experimental method to measure critical flux in ultrafiltration
TLDR
In this paper, the authors present an improvement of previous techniques to determine critical flux in ultrafiltration, which allows having accurate values of the critical flux and the rate of irreversibility of the created deposit on the membrane.About:
This article is published in Desalination.The article was published on 2002-09-10. It has received 166 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Flux & Ultrafiltration.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fouling in membrane bioreactors used in wastewater treatment
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of more than 300 publications on membrane bioreactor fouling is presented, and the authors propose updated definitions of key parameters such as critical and sustainable flux, along with standard methods to determine and measure the different fractions of the biomass.
Journal ArticleDOI
Critical and sustainable fluxes: Theory, experiments and applications
TL;DR: The concept of critical flux has been used in a number of different ways often without explicit redefinition as mentioned in this paper, and it has been clarified both theoretically and from an experimental viewpoint, and a link with the concept of sustainable flux and an approach given for the determination of the apparent sustainable flux.
Journal ArticleDOI
Spiral wound modules and spacers - Review and analysis
TL;DR: In this article, the analysis of the design of spiral wound modules and arrays with a combination of experimental and numerical techniques can help to identify the optimal array arrangements, module geometry and spacer design for specific applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of membrane fouling at constant flux and constant transmembrane pressure conditions
TL;DR: In this article, emulsified oil fouling of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes was studied using both constant permeate flux and constant transmembrane pressure experiments, and the threshold flux, defined recently as the flux at which the rate of fouling begins to increase rapidly, separates the regimes of good and poor agreement between the two types of experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI
An improved flux-step method to determine the critical flux and the critical flux for irreversibility in a membrane bioreactor
Perry van der Marel,Arie Zwijnenburg,Antoine Kemperman,Matthias Wessling,Hardy Temmink,Walter van der Meer +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, an improved flux-step method is presented incorporating cleaning steps by relaxation to determine the critical flux and critical flux for irreversibility for polyvinylidenefluoride flat-sheet membrane with a pore size of 0.1 μm.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Critical flux concept for microfiltration fouling
TL;DR: The concept of critical flux is introduced in this article to identify the critical flux and the desirability of starting filtration operations at a low flux, where a flux below which a decline of flux with time does not occur.
Journal ArticleDOI
Particle deposition during membrane filtration of colloids: transition between concentration polarization and cake formation
TL;DR: In this article, the transition from concentration polarization to cake formation was studied for the membrane filtration of colloidal silica by imposing flux and observing the system response, and it was observed that once J crit is exceeded, the colloids in the polarized layer formed a consolidated cake structure that is slow to depolarize and which reduced the flux.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sub-critical flux operation of microfiltration
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the literature supporting this conclusion and experimental results presented which show that there is no fouling of the membrane in laboratory and full scale systems operated below the critical flux in the region which is termed sub-critical.
Journal ArticleDOI
A unifying model for concentration polarization, gel-layer formation and particle deposition in cross-flow membrane filtration of colloidal suspensions
TL;DR: In this paper, a model was proposed to describe cross-flow filtration of colloidal particles and molecules, where surface and hydrodynamic interactions were used to predict the variation of the osmotic pressure and diffusion coefficient with the volume fraction of the suspension.
Journal ArticleDOI
Critical stability conditions in crossflow microfiltration of skimmed milk: transition to irreversible deposition
TL;DR: An experimental “cyclic” methodology was used to evaluate critical operating conditions for crossflow microfiltration performance and determined a critical ratio of permeation flux over efficient wall shear stress (J / τ weff), under which performance were satisfactory.
Related Papers (5)
Critical flux concept for microfiltration fouling
Critical and sustainable fluxes: Theory, experiments and applications
Critical, sustainable and threshold fluxes for membrane filtration with water industry applications
Robert W. Field,Graeme K. Pearce +1 more