Journal ArticleDOI
Optical propagation in tissue with anisotropic scattering
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TLDR
The inclusion of scattering anisotropy in the theoretical model represents an improvement over the usual diffusion description and predictions of space irradiance utilizing the transport approximation show good general agreement with experimental space irradiances results.Abstract:
Understanding the distribution of light in tissue is necessary for dosimetry in photodynamic therapy of malignant tumors. Attenuation measurements from implanted fiber optic sources in R3327-AT (rat prostate) tumors show that light penetration is greatest in the direction of the beam itself and least in the backward direction. This anisotropy of the overall optical distribution persists to distances of at least 2 cm from the source and is a result of strong anisotropy in the scattering phase function. The inclusion of scattering anisotropy in the theoretical model represents an improvement over the usual diffusion description. Predictions of space irradiance utilizing the transport approximation show good general agreement with experimental space irradiance results. The specific optical constants used in the model are consistent with actual measured values of scattering, absorption, and attenuation coefficients. The theory can be applied to other optical sources. >read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the optical properties of biological tissues
TL;DR: The known optical properties (absorption, scattering, total attenuation, effective attenuation and/or anisotropy coefficients) of various biological tissues at a variety of wavelengths are reviewed in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative optical spectroscopy for tissue diagnosis
TL;DR: This review describes optical interactions pursued for biomedical applications (fluorescence, fluorescence lifetime, phosphorescence, and Raman from cells, cultures, and tissues) and provides a descriptive framework for light interaction based upon tissue absorption and scattering properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optical Properties of Circulating Human Blood in the Wavelength Range 400-2500 nm.
TL;DR: A spectrum of all three parameters was measured in the wavelength range 400-2500 nm for oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, showing that blood absorption followed the absorption behavior of haemoglobin and water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of human adenomatous colon polyps in vivo.
George Zonios,Lev T. Perelman,Vadim Backman,Ramasamy Manoharan,Maryann Fitzmaurice,Jacques Van Dam,Michael S. Feld +6 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that diffuse reflectance can be used to obtain tissue information about tissue structure and composition in vivo, and are in general agreement with other studies that employ standard methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monte Carlo modeling of light propagation in highly scattering tissues. I. Model predictions and comparison with diffusion theory
TL;DR: Calculations of fluence-depth distributions, effective penetration depths and diffuse reflectance from two models of radiative transfer, diffusion theory, and Monte Carlo simulation are compared for a semi-infinite medium.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A Monte Carlo model for the absorption and flux distributions of light in tissue
Brian C. Wilson,Gerhard Adam +1 more
TL;DR: A Monte Carlo computer model has been used to predict the distribution of absorbed dose in homogeneous tissues of different absorption/scattering ratios, for illumination both by external light beams and via implanted optical fibers.
Journal ArticleDOI
The physics of photodynamic therapy.
TL;DR: This review covers the following topics: outstanding problems in photodynamic therapy (PDT); light sources for PDT; light delivery systems for PDT ; light dosimetry; haematoporphyrin derivative quantification in vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling optical and thermal distributions in tissue during laser irradiation
Steven L. Jacques,Scott A. Prahl +1 more
TL;DR: In vitro experiments showed that the threshold temperature range for coagulation was 60°–70° C, and the kinetics were first order, with a temperature‐dependent rate constant that obeyed an Arrhenius relation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Analytical modeling for the optical properties of the skin with in vitro and in vivo applications.
TL;DR: Analytical modeling that interrelates the optical properties of multilayered structures is applied to the skin and has been applied to calculate the absorption and scattering coefficients of human epidermis in vitro, and to estimate the epidermal transmittance under simulated in vivo condition.
Journal ArticleDOI
IN VIVO and POST MORTEM MEASUREMENTS OF THE ATTENUATION SPECTRA OF LIGHT IN MAMMALIAN TISSUES
TL;DR: The attenuation of light in rabbit liver and striated muscle and in pig brain has been measured in the wavelength range400–800 nrn, and substantial changes occurred immediately post mortem, particularly in the absorption bands.