Journal ArticleDOI
Physical and chemical characterization of airborne particles from welding operations in automotive plants.
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TLDR
Particle concentrations and elemental concentrations were compared with allowable concentrations as recommended by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and in all cases, workplace levels were at least 11 times lower than recommended levels.Abstract:
Airborne particles were characterized from six welding operations in three automotive plants, including resistance spot welding, metal inert gas (MIG) welding and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding of aluminum and resistance spot welding, MIG welding and weld-through sealer of galvanized steel. Particle levels were measured throughout the process area to select a sampling location, followed by intensive particle sampling over one working shift. Temporal trends were measured, and particles were collected on filters to characterize their size and chemistry. In all cases, the particles fell into a bimodal size distribution with very large particles >20 μm in diameter, possibly emitted as spatter or metal expulsions, and very small particles about 1 μm in diameter, possibly formed from condensation of vaporized metal. The mass median aerodynamic diameter was about 1 μm, with only about 7% of the particle mass present as ultrafine particles <100 nm. About half the mass of aluminum welding particles could be acco...read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic review of potential health risks posed by pharmaceutical, occupational and consumer exposures to metallic and nanoscale aluminum, aluminum oxides, aluminum hydroxide and its soluble salts.
Calvin C. Willhite,Nataliya A. Karyakina,Robert A. Yokel,Nagarajkumar Yenugadhati,Thomas Wisniewski,Ian Arnold,Franco Momoli,Daniel Krewski +7 more
TL;DR: There is no consistent and convincing evidence to associate the Al found in food and drinking water at the doses and chemical forms presently consumed by people living in North America and Western Europe with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and there is there clear evidence to show use of Al-containing underarm antiperspirants or cosmetics increases the risk of AD or breast cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Workplace Measurements of Ultrafine Particles—A Literature Review
TL;DR: Measurements of the UFP in work environments are, to date, too limited and reported too heterogeneous to allow us to draw general conclusions about workers' exposure, and showed that workers' Exposure to UFP may be significantly higher than their non-occupational exposure to background concentration alone.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exposure to welding particles in automotive plants
TL;DR: In this article, a monitoring study designed to evaluate workers' exposure to particles in several body shops within automotive plants was presented, where concentrations in the proximity of welding activities were measured by Fast Mobility Particle Sizer, several Condensation Particle Counters, a Nanoparticle Surface Area Monitor and a laser photometer, as well as by several gravimetric samplers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of metal oxide nanoparticles in histopathological changes observed in the lung of welders.
Pascal Andujar,Pascal Andujar,Angélique Simon-Deckers,Angélique Simon-Deckers,Françoise Galateau-Sallé,Barbara Fayard,Grégory Beaune,Grégory Beaune,Grégory Beaune,Bénédicte Clin,M. A. Billon-Galland,Olivier Durupthy,Olivier Durupthy,Olivier Durupthy,Jean-Claude Pairon,Jean-Claude Pairon,Jean Baptiste Doucet,Jorge Boczkowski,Jorge Boczkowski,Sophie Lanone,Sophie Lanone +20 more
TL;DR: The results provide the first evidence of a link between human exposure to NP and long-term pulmonary effects, and welding-related NP could be responsible, at least partially, for the pulmonary inflammation observed in welders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Occupational exposure to aluminum and its biomonitoring in perspective
Vesa Riihimäki,Antero Aitio +1 more
TL;DR: BM of aluminum can be effectively used for this purpose in the production/use of aluminum powders, aluminum welding, as well as plasma cutting, grinding, polishing and thermal spraying of aluminum, and may also be similarly useful in the smelting of aluminum and probably in theProduction of corundum.
References
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International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
TL;DR: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is a non-governmental federation of national standards bodies from 157 countries worldwide, one from each country as discussed by the authors, whose work results in international agreements which are published as International Standards.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanoparticles and the Environment
Pratim Biswas,Chang-Yu Wu +1 more
TL;DR: The “life history of nanoparticles” is presented, tracking it from its formation to its potential use and eventual fate in the environment, and the ability to characterize and capture these nanoparticles as well as their control is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of the aerosols resulting from arc welding processes
Anthony T. Zimmer,Pratim Biswas +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a generation chamber and sampling system was designed to characterize aerosols from a popular welding system that utilized either gas metal arc welding or flux cored arc welding techniques and the results demonstrated that the welding alloy had a marked effect on the particle size distribution, morphology and chemical aspects of the resultant fume.