Journal ArticleDOI
Polysulfide anions II: structure and vibrational spectra of the S4(2-) and S5(2-) anions. Influence of the cations on bond length, valence, and torsion angle.
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TLDR
The influence of the cations on bond length, valence, and torsion angle of S4( 2-) and S5(2-) anions was examined in a series of solid alkali tetra- and pentasulfides by relating their Raman spectra to their known X-ray structures through a force-field analysis.Abstract:
The influence of the cations on bond length, valence, and torsion angle of S4(2-) and S5(2-) anions was examined in a series of solid alkali tetra- and pentasulfides by relating their Raman spectra to their known X-ray structures through a force-field analysis. The IR and Raman spectra of BaS4.H2O and the Raman spectra of (NH4)2S4.nNH3, gamma-Na2S4, and delta-Na2S5 are presented. The similarity of spectra of gamma-Na2S4 with those of BaS4.H2O suggests similar structures of the S4(2-) anions in these two compounds with a torsion angle smaller than 90 degrees. The variations of SS bond length, SSS valence angle, and dihedral angle of Sn2- anions are related to the polarization of the lone pair and electronic charge of the anion by the electric field of the cations. A correlation between the torsion angle and the SSS valence angle is shown as that previously reported between the length of the bond around which the torsion takes place and the dihedral angle value. These geometry changes are explained by the hyperconjugation concept and the electron long-pair repulsion.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
In-Situ Raman Investigation of Polysulfide Formation in Li-S Cells
Markus Hagen,P. Schiffels,M. Hammer,Susanne Dörfler,Jens Tübke,Michael J. Hoffmann,Holger Althues,Stefan Kaskel +7 more
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In-Situ Raman Spectroscopy of Sulfur Speciation in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
TL;DR: The CS2 additive was found to inhibit the sulfur reduction mechanism allowing the formation of long-chain polysulfides during discharge only and stabilizing the S8(2-) product.
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A Low Cost, High Energy Density, and Long Cycle Life Potassium–Sulfur Battery for Grid-Scale Energy Storage
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Advanced Intermediate-Temperature Na-S Battery
Xiaochuan Lu,Brent W. Kirby,Wu Xu,Guosheng Li,Jin Yong Kim,John P. Lemmon,Vincent L. Sprenkle,Zhenguo Yang +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, an intermediate-temperature (∼150 °C) sodium-sulfur (Na-S) battery was reported, where a dense β′′-Al2O3 solid membrane and tetraglyme were utilized as the electrolyte separator and catholyte solvent in this battery.
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Investigation of the reaction mechanism of lithium sulfur batteries in different electrolyte systems by in situ Raman spectroscopy and in situ X-ray diffraction
Wen Zhu,Andrea Paolella,Chisu Kim,Dongqiang Liu,Zimin Feng,C. Gagnon,Julie Trottier,Ashok K. Vijh,Abdelbast Guerfi,Alain Mauger,C.M. Julien,Michel Armand,Karim Zaghib +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, in situ Raman spectroscopy is employed to investigate the poly-sulfide species in the sulfur cathode and in the electrolyte during the cycling of Li-S batteries.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: In this paper, the geometric structures and relative stabilities of small sulfur clusters (S2-S12) were explored by means of ab initio quantum chemical calculations and the effects of polarization functions and electron correlation were included in these calculations.
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Raman studies of sulfur-containing anions in inorganic polysulfides. Sodium polysulfides
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Bond-length/Dihedral-angle and Bond-length/Bond-order Relationships for Sulphur(II)-Sulphur(II) Bonds.
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Identification and characterization of lithium polysulfides in solution in liquid ammonia
TL;DR: In this article, Raman et al. showed that S 6 2− en equilibre avec S 3 •− ; l'equilibre depend de la temperature.
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Raman Spectroscopy Study of the Reaction between Sodium Sulfide or Disulfide and Sulfur: Identity of the Species Formed in Solid and Liquid Phases.
TL;DR: It is shown that, after the liquid of composition Na(2)S(4) is heated above 400 degrees C, a glass is formed upon cooling and this new phase is metastable and transforms into the alpha phase upon prolonged heating at 200 degrees C.