Q2. How much compression was applied to a narrow region of the cylinder?
Continuous loading was applied by a compression platen to a narrow region of the cylinder along its length at a constant rate of 0.05 MPa/s.
Q3. What is the effect of the non-polar nature of rubber particles on the concrete?
They suggested that the non-polar nature of rubber particles may result in the ability to repel water and entrap air on the rubber surface, which would subsequently increase the number of air voids and thus decrease the concrete density.
Q4. What is the effect of the smaller particles on the surface of the concrete?
the larger surface area of the finer particles produces more frictional resistance to the flowing movement of fresh concrete.
Q5. How many cubes were preconditioned before the water permeability test?
100 mm cube specimens were preconditioned (by being sheltered for one week) to remove as much moisture as possible before the water permeability test was undertaken.
Q6. What is the effect of coarse rubber on the tensile strength of concrete?
In a recent study, Li et al. (2009) reported that using rubber particle sizes between 0.25 and 1 mm has less effect on the tensile splitting strength than on the compressive strength, and finer rubber was particularly beneficial for reducing the tensile splitting strength loss.
Q7. What is the effect of the rubber particles on the dynamic performance of concrete?
With a highly resilient nature, rubber particles of different sizes have a more positive effect on the dynamic performance when included in concrete.
Q8. What is the effect of the inclusion of rubber particles on the tensile strength of concrete?
8. As in the case of compressive strength, the inclusion of rubber particles decreases both the tensile splitting and the flexural strengths.
Q9. What is the effect of replacing natural river sand with relatively soft rubber aggregate?
M ANUS CRIP TAC CEPT ED13Replacing natural river sand with relatively soft rubber aggregate is expected to reduce the concrete compressive strength.
Q10. What is the reason for the inclusion of rubber particles in concrete?
The reason for this is similar to that for the compressive strength, as the smaller rubber particles may have a filler effect to increase the compactness of the concrete, and to reduce the level of stress singularity arising at the internal voids, and consequently reduce the likelihood of fracture.
Q11. What is the process of submitting a manuscript?
The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form.
Q12. What is the reason for the decrease in compressive strength of the concrete?
This can be attributed to the low stiffness and poor surface texture of the rubber particles that resulted in an inconsistency of the concrete mix, and the lack of bonding between the rubber particles and the surrounding cement paste, leading to a loss of compressive strength (Eldin and Senouci, 1993).
Q13. What was the lowest slump value of the three concrete mixtures?
The CRA20, CRB20, CRC20 and CCSR20 mixtures had slump values of 16.8% (16 mm), 23.2% (22 mm), 25.2% (24 mm) and 13.7% (13 mm) lower than that of REF.