Protective Function of Chloroplast 2-Cysteine Peroxiredoxin in Photosynthesis. Evidence from Transgenic Arabidopsis
Margarete Baier,Karl-Josef Dietz +1 more
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It is concluded that the photosynthetic machinery needs high levels of 2-CP during leaf development to protect it from oxidative damage and that the damage is reduced by the accumulation of2-CP protein, by the de novo synthesis and replacement of damaged proteins, and by the induction of other antioxidant defenses in 2- CP mutants.Abstract:
2-Cysteine peroxiredoxins (2-CPs) constitute a ubiquitous group of peroxidases that reduce cell-toxic alkyl hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols. Recently, we cloned 2-CP cDNAs from plants and characterized them as chloroplast proteins. To elucidate the physiological function of the 2-CP in plant metabolism, we generated antisense mutants in Arabidopsis. In the mutant lines a 2-CP deficiency developed during early leaf and plant development and eventually the protein accumulated to wild-type levels. In young mutants with reduced amounts of 2-CP, photosynthesis was impaired and the levels of D1 protein, the light-harvesting protein complex associated with photosystem II, chloroplast ATP synthase, and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase were decreased. Photoinhibition was particularly pronounced after the application of the protein synthesis inhibitor, lincomycin. We concluded that the photosynthetic machinery needs high levels of 2-CP during leaf development to protect it from oxidative damage and that the damage is reduced by the accumulation of 2-CP protein, by the de novo synthesis and replacement of damaged proteins, and by the induction of other antioxidant defenses in 2-CP mutants.read more
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Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes
Shigeru Shigeoka,Takahiro Ishikawa,Masahiro Tamoi,Yoshiko Miyagawa,Toru Takeda,Yukinori Yabuta,Kazuya Yoshimura +6 more
TL;DR: It is clear that a high level of endogenous ascorbate is essential effectively to maintain the antioxidant system that protects plants from oxidative damage due to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tansley Review No. 112
Christine H. Foyer,Graham Noctor +1 more
TL;DR: This review considers photosynthesis as a whole-cell process, in which O2 and AOS are involved in reactions at both photosystems, enzyme regulation in the chloroplast stroma, photorespiration, and mitochondrial electron transport in the light, and oxidants and antioxidants are discussed as metabolic indicators of redox status, acting as sensors and signal molecules leading to acclimatory responses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific and heritable genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Arabidopsis thaliana.
TL;DR: In situ hybridization revealed a correlation between a declining AG mRNA accumulation and increasingly severe phenotypes in AG (RNAi) mutants, suggesting that endogenous mRNA is the target of double-stranded RNA-mediated genetic interference.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two Enzymes in One: Two Yeast Peroxiredoxins Display Oxidative Stress-Dependent Switching from a Peroxidase to a Molecular Chaperone Function
Ho Hee Jang,Kyun Oh Lee,Yong Hun Chi,Bae Gyo Jung,Soo Kwon Park,Jin Ho Park,Jung Ro Lee,Seung Sik Lee,Jeong Chan Moon,Jeong Won Yun,Yeon Ok Choi,Woe Yeon Kim,Ji Seoun Kang,Gang-Won Cheong,Dae-Jin Yun,Sue Goo Rhee,Moo Je Cho,Sang Yeol Lee +17 more
TL;DR: It is shown that two cytosolic yeast Prxs, cPrxI and II, which display diversity in structure and apparent molecular weights (MW), can act alternatively as peroxidases and molecular chaperones.
Journal ArticleDOI
The water–water cycle as alternative photon and electron sinks
TL;DR: The water-water cycle in chloroplasts is the photoreduction of dioxygen to water in photosystem I (PS I) by the electrons generated in photoystem II (PS II) from water.
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