Racial disparities in surgical care and outcomes in the United States: a comprehensive review of patient, provider, and systemic factors.
Adil H. Haider,Valerie K. Scott,Karim Abdur Rehman,Catherine G. Velopulos,Jessica M. Bentley,Edward E. Cornwell,Waddah B. Al-Refaie +6 more
TLDR
A comprehensive review of the currently published surgical disparity literature in the United States found that patient factors such as insurance status and socioeconomic status need to be further explored, as studies indicated only a premature understanding of the relationship between racial disparities and SES.Abstract:
It is well known that there are significant racial disparities in health care outcomes, including surgery. However, the mechanisms that lead to these disparities are still not fully understood. In this comprehensive review of the currently published surgical disparity literature in the United States, we assess racial disparities in outcomes after surgical procedures, focusing on patient, provider, and systemic factors. The PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were searched with the keywords: healthcare disparities AND surgery AND outcome AND US. Only primary research articles published between April 1990 and December 2011 were included in the study. Studies analyzing surgical patients of all ages and assessing the endpoints of mortality, morbidity, or the likelihood of receiving surgical therapy were included. A total of 88 articles met the inclusion criteria. This evidence-based review was compiled in a systematic manner, relying on retrospective, cross-sectional, case-control, and prospective studies in the absence of Class I studies. The review found that patient factors such as insurance status and socioeconomic status (SES) need to be further explored, as studies indicated only a premature understanding of the relationship between racial disparities and SES. Provider factors such as differences in surgery rates and treatment by low volume or low quality surgeons also appear to play a role in minority outcome disparities. Finally, systemic factors such as access to care, hospital volume, and hospital patient population have been shown to contribute to disparities, with research consistently demonstrating that equal access to care mitigates outcome disparities.read more
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Understanding Disparities in Breast Cancer Care in Memphis, Tennessee.
Elena P. Lamb,F. Elizabeth Pritchard,Simonne S. Nouer,Elizabeth A. Tolley,Brandon S. Boyd,Jesse T. Davidson,Gitonga Munene,Martin D. Fleming +7 more
TL;DR: Black breast cancer patients have higher odds of recurrence and mortality when compared with white Breast cancer patients, after adjusting for appropriate demographic and clinical attributes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diversity in Orthopaedic Surgery Medical Device Clinical Trials: An Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act
Tariq Z Issa,Mark Lambrechts,Jasmine S. Lin,Parker Brush,Jose A. Canseco,Alan S. Hilibrand,Christopher K. Kepler,Gregory D. Schroeder,Alexander R. Vaccaro +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate demographic reporting and analysis among high-risk orthopaedic medical device trials and evaluate the effectiveness of the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (FDA-SIA) in increasing diversity of study enrollment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic review of racial, socioeconomic, and insurance status disparities in the treatment of pediatric neurosurgical pathologies in the United States
Elizabeth Lechtholz-Zey,Phillip A. Bonney,Tyler Cardinal,Jesse Mendoza,Ben A. Strickland,Dhiraj J. Pangal,Steven L. Giannotta,Susan Durham,Gabriel Zada +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a systematic review using PRISMA guidelines and MeSH terms involving neurosurgical conditions and racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic status (SES) disparities.
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US children of minority race are less likely to be admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit after traumatic injury, a retrospective analysis of a single pediatric trauma center
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of a child's race on the likelihood of admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is not well described, and the authors hypothesized that traumatically injured children of minority race would have higher rates of PICU admission, compared to white children.
Journal ArticleDOI
Examination of Elective Bariatric Surgery Rates Before and After US Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion
Amresh D. Hanchate,Amresh D. Hanchate,Danyang Qi,Michael K. Paasche-Orlow,Michael K. Paasche-Orlow,Karen E. Lasser,Karen E. Lasser,Zhixiu Liu,Meng-Yun Lin,Kristina H. Lewis +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the association between Medicaid expansion and the receipt of inpatient elective bariatric surgery among Medicaid-covered and uninsured individuals aged 26 to 64 years.
References
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Book
Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care
TL;DR: In this article, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment, examining how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looking at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hospital Volume and Surgical Mortality in the United States
John D. Birkmeyer,Andrea E. Siewers,Emily Finlayson,Therese A. Stukel,F. Lee Lucas,Ida Batista,H. Gilbert Welch,David E. Wennberg +7 more
TL;DR: Mortality decreased as volume increased for all 14 types of procedures, but the relative importance of volume varied markedly according to the type of procedure.
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The Influence of Hospital Volume on Survival after Resection for Lung Cancer
Peter B. Bach,Laura D. Cramer,Deborah Schrag,Robert J. Downey,Sarah E. Gelfand,Colin B. Begg +5 more
TL;DR: Patients who undergo resection for lung cancer at hospitals that perform large numbers of such procedures are likely to survive longer than patients who have such surgery at hospitals with a low volume of lung-resection procedures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Race and Surgical Mortality in the United States
TL;DR: Black patients have higher operative mortality risks across a wide range of surgical procedures, in large part because of higher mortality rates at the hospitals they attend.
Journal ArticleDOI
Racial disparities in incidence and outcome in multiple myeloma: a population-based study
Adam Waxman,Pamela J. Mink,Susan S. Devesa,William F. Anderson,Brendan M. Weiss,Sigurdur Y. Kristinsson,Katherine A. McGlynn,Ola Landgren +7 more
TL;DR: A younger age of onset among blacks; better survival in blacks 1973-2005; and significant survival improvement among whites over time, with smaller, nonsignificant change seen among blacks are found, possibly due to unequal access to and/or disparate responsiveness to novel therapies.