Book ChapterDOI
Reproductive Science in Sharks and Rays.
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Current reproductive technologies including computer assisted sperm assessments to study warming effects on sperm motility and intra-uterine satellite tags to determine birthing grounds will serve to generate data to mitigate anthropogenic changes that threaten the future of this vulnerable groups of fish.Abstract:
Sharks and rays make up 96% of the class Chondrichthyes. They are among the most endangered of any taxa, threatened through habitat loss, overfishing and hunting for shark fin soup, traditional medicines or sport, and because many species are slow to mature and produce low numbers of offspring. Sharks and rays are ecologically and reproductively diverse, though basic knowledge of their reproductive physiology is lacking for many species. There has been a move towards non-lethal approaches of data collection in sharks and rays, especially with reproductive technologies such as ultrasound and hormone analysis. Additionally, technologies such as semen collection and artificial insemination are lending themselves to develop tools to manage small or closed populations, with cold-stored sperm being shipped between institutions to maximize genetic diversity in managed populations. The role of steroid hormones in elasmobranch reproduction appears broadly conserved, though heavily influenced by environmental cues, especially temperature. For this reason elasmobranchs are likely at risk of reproductive perturbations due to environmental changes such as ocean warming. Current reproductive technologies including computer assisted sperm assessments to study warming effects on sperm motility and intra-uterine satellite tags to determine birthing grounds will serve to generate data to mitigate anthropogenic changes that threaten the future of this vulnerable groups of fish.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Testosterone and semen seasonality for the sand tiger shark Carcharias taurus
Jennifer T. Wyffels,Robert George,Lance Adams,Cayman Adams,Tonya M. Clauss,Alisa L. Newton,Michael W. Hyatt,Christopher Yach,Linda M. Penfold +8 more
TL;DR: Annual reproduction with spring seasonality for male sand tiger sharks is demonstrated through marked seasonal differences in testosterone and semen production, likely contributing to the species' limited reproductive success in aquariums.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing the reproductive biology of the Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus).
Julius Nielsen,Rasmus Hedeholm,Arve Lynghammar,Leon M. McClusky,Bjørn Berland,John F. Steffensen,Jørgen S. Christiansen,Jørgen S. Christiansen +7 more
TL;DR: This study represents the first comprehensive work on Greenland shark reproductive biology based on data from 312 specimens collected over the past 60 years and provides guidelines quantifying reproductive parameters to assess specific maturation stages, as well as calculate body length-at-maturity (TL50).
Journal ArticleDOI
Shark and ray genomics for disentangling their morphological diversity and vertebrate evolution.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on egg-laying elasmobranch species used in developmental biology and provide an overview of the characteristics of the shark and ray genomes revealed to date.
Journal ArticleDOI
Squalomix: shark and ray genome analysis consortium and its data sharing platform
Osamu Nishimura,John Rozewicki,Kazuaki Yamaguchi,Kaori Tatsumi,Yuta Ohishi,Tazro Ohta,Masaru Yagura,Taiki Niwa,Chiharu Tanegashima,Akinori Teramura,Shotaro Hirase,Akane Kawaguchi,Milton Tan,Salvatore D'Aniello,Filipe Castro,Andre G. Machado,Mitsumasa Koyanagi,Akihisa Terakita,Ryo Misawa,Masayuki Horie,Junna Kawasaki,Takashi Asahida,Atsuko Yamaguchi,Kiyomi Murakumo,Rui Matsumoto,Iker Irisarri,Norio Miyamoto,Atsushi Toyoda,Sho Tanaka,Tatsuya Sakamoto,Yasuko Semba,Shin Yamauchi,Kazuyuki Yamada,Kiyonori Nishida,Itsuki Kiyatake,Keiichi Sato,Susumu Hyodo,Mitsutaka Kadota,Yoshinobu Uno,Shigehiro Kuraku +39 more
TL;DR: The Squalomix consortium is expected to be solved through a combination of in-house cytological techniques including karyotyping of cultured cells, chromatin preparation for Hi-C data acquisition, and high fidelity long-read sequencing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Artificial insemination and parthenogenesis in the whitespotted bamboo shark Chiloscyllium plagiosum
Jennifer T. Wyffels,Lance Adams,Frank Bulman,Ari Fustukjian,Ari Fustukjian,Michael W. Hyatt,Kevin A. Feldheim,Linda M. Penfold +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the sperm samples collected from whitespotted bamboo sharks Chiloscyllium plagiosum were assessed and cold-stored raw or extended at 4°C.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Cascading effects of the loss of apex predatory sharks from a coastal ocean.
TL;DR: For example, this paper found that the abundance of all 11 great sharks that consume other elasmobranchs (rays, skates, and small sharks) fell over the past 35 years, while 12 of 14 of these prey species increased in coastal northwest Atlantic ecosystems.
Supporting Online Material for Cascading Effects of the Loss of Apex Predatory Sharks from a Coastal Ocean
TL;DR: Impacts of chronic overfishing are evident in population depletions worldwide, yet indirect ecosystem effects induced by predator removal from oceanic food webs remain unpredictable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reproduction and Development in Chondrichthyan Fishes
TL;DR: Phylogenetic position, geographical distribution, benthic vs. pelagic habitat, adult size, egg-embryo size, feeding ecology, and embryonic osmoregulation are factors in the retention of oviparity or the evolution of viviparity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transoceanic Migration, Spatial Dynamics, and Population Linkages of White Sharks
Ramón Bonfil,Michael A. Meÿer,Michael C. Scholl,Ryan Johnson,Shannon O'Brien,Herman Oosthuizen,Stephan Swanson,Deon Kotze,Michael Paterson +8 more
TL;DR: Electronic tag and photographic identification data show a complex suite of behavioral patterns in white sharks that contradict previous ideas that female white sharks do not make transoceanic migrations, and they suggest natal homing behavior.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sperm motility in fishes. I. Effects of temperature and pH: a review
TL;DR: The effects of temperature and pH on the motility of spermatozoa in three fish species: salmonids, cyprinids and sturgeons are reviewed and summarized.