Journal ArticleDOI
Resolution of the early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics
William J. Murphy,Eduardo Eizirik,Eduardo Eizirik,Stephen J. O'Brien,Ole Madsen,Mark Scally,Mark Scally,Christophe J. Douady,Christophe J. Douady,Emma C. Teeling,Emma C. Teeling,Oliver A. Ryder,Michael J. Stanhope,Michael J. Stanhope,Wilfried W. de Jong,Mark S. Springer +15 more
TLDR
Crown-group Eutheria may have their most recent common ancestry in the Southern Hemisphere (Gondwana), and placental phylogeny is investigated using Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods and a 16.4-kilobase molecular data set.Abstract:
Molecular phylogenetic studies have resolved placental mammals into four major groups, but have not established the full hierarchy of interordinal relationships, including the position of the root. The latter is critical for understanding the early biogeographic history of placentals. We investigated placental phylogeny using Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods and a 16.4-kilobase molecular data set. Interordinal relationships are almost entirely resolved. The basal split is between Afrotheria and other placentals, at about 103 million years, and may be accounted for by the separation of South America and Africa in the Cretaceous. Crown-group Eutheria may have their most recent common ancestry in the Southern Hemisphere (Gondwana).read more
Citations
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Differential expression of Meis2, Mab21l2 and Tbx3 during limb development associated with diversification of limb morphology in mammals.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the modulation of the spatiotemporal expression patterns of multiple functional conserved genes control limb morphology and drive morphological change in the diversification of mammalian limbs is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cranial endocast of the stem lagomorph Megalagus and brain structure of basal Euarchontoglires.
Sergi López-Torres,Ornella C. Bertrand,Madlen M. Lang,Mary T. Silcox,Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik,Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik,Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik +6 more
TL;DR: The first virtual endocast of the fossil lagomorph Megalagus turgidus is reported, from the Orella Member of the Brule Formation, early Oligocene, Nebraska, USA, which represents one of the oldest nearly complete lagomorph skulls known and sheds new light on the reconstructed morphology of the ancestral brain in Euarchontoglires.
Journal ArticleDOI
Shape and size variations in the cranium of elephant-shrews: a morphometric contribution to a phylogenetic debate
TL;DR: The results are congruent with data obtained from previous biochemical research and support the traditional subdivision in two subfamilies, the monophily of the genus Elephantulus and its closeness with Petrodromus, relating to their similar cranium shapes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Unique proximal tibial morphology in strepsirrhine primates
Jessica L. White,Daniel L. Gebo +1 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that proximal tibiae with either a single spine or reduced medial spine morphology facilitate a greater degree of knee rotation about the eminence relative to the double‐spine condition, and are likely associated with more frequent adoption of vertical body positions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Interface of Paleontology and Mammalogy: Past, Present, and Future
TL;DR: An elevated role for mammalogy in the development of ecological and evolutionary theory is predicted and this serves as a model for merging paleontological and neontological data in other disciplines.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees
TL;DR: The program MRBAYES performs Bayesian inference of phylogeny using a variant of Markov chain Monte Carlo, and an executable is available at http://brahms.rochester.edu/software.html.
Journal ArticleDOI
MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution.
David Posada,Keith A. Crandall +1 more
TL;DR: The program MODELTEST uses log likelihood scores to establish the model of DNA evolution that best fits the data.
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An Empirical Test of Bootstrapping as a Method for Assessing Confidence in Phylogenetic Analysis
David M. Hillis,James J. Bull +1 more
TL;DR: This work uses computer simulations and a laboratory-generated phylogeny to test bootstrapping results of parsimony analyses, and indicates that any given bootstrap proportion provides an unbiased but highly imprecise measure of repeatability, unless the actual probability of replicating the relevant result is nearly one.
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A molecular timescale for vertebrate evolution
Sudhir Kumar,S. Blair Hedges +1 more
TL;DR: The clock-like accumulation of sequence differences in some genes provides an alternative method by which the mean divergence time can be estimated, and the molecular times agree with most early and late fossil-based times, but indicate major gaps in the Mesozoic fossil record.
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Markov Chasin Monte Carlo Algorithms for the Bayesian Analysis of Phylogenetic Trees
Bret Larget,DL Simon +1 more
TL;DR: The Bayesian framework for analyzing aligned nucleotide sequence data to reconstruct phylogenies, assess uncertainty in the reconstructions, and perform other statistical inferences is developed and a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler is employed to sample trees and model parameter values from their joint posterior distribution.