Journal ArticleDOI
Resolution of the early placental mammal radiation using Bayesian phylogenetics
William J. Murphy,Eduardo Eizirik,Eduardo Eizirik,Stephen J. O'Brien,Ole Madsen,Mark Scally,Mark Scally,Christophe J. Douady,Christophe J. Douady,Emma C. Teeling,Emma C. Teeling,Oliver A. Ryder,Michael J. Stanhope,Michael J. Stanhope,Wilfried W. de Jong,Mark S. Springer +15 more
TLDR
Crown-group Eutheria may have their most recent common ancestry in the Southern Hemisphere (Gondwana), and placental phylogeny is investigated using Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods and a 16.4-kilobase molecular data set.Abstract:
Molecular phylogenetic studies have resolved placental mammals into four major groups, but have not established the full hierarchy of interordinal relationships, including the position of the root. The latter is critical for understanding the early biogeographic history of placentals. We investigated placental phylogeny using Bayesian and maximum-likelihood methods and a 16.4-kilobase molecular data set. Interordinal relationships are almost entirely resolved. The basal split is between Afrotheria and other placentals, at about 103 million years, and may be accounted for by the separation of South America and Africa in the Cretaceous. Crown-group Eutheria may have their most recent common ancestry in the Southern Hemisphere (Gondwana).read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
The Evolution of Parallel Visual Pathways in the Brains of Primates
TL;DR: Evidence for the evolutionary history of cortical hierarchies of visual areas and conclude that only a few areas can be considered homologous across primates and even fewer across mammals are reviewed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Umbelopsis gibberispora sp. nov. from Japanese leaf litter and a clarification of Micromucor ramannianus var. angulisporus
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear large subunit ribosomal DNA (nLSU rDNA) partial sequences suggest that U. gibberispora, U. swartii, and U. westeae form a clade together with the strains of Umbelopsis ramanniana.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Cambrian radiation of bilaterians: Evolutionary origins and palaeontological emergence; earth history change and biotic factors
TL;DR: Evidence from a variety of research areas indicates that there may be a fuse to the Cambrian radiation, with a duration on the order of 20–70 myr, providing clear evidence that abiotic factors played an important role in motivating evolution during this key episode in the history of life.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Distribution of Ki‐67 and Doublecortin Immunopositive Cells in the Brains of Three Microchiropteran Species, Hipposideros fuliginosus, Triaenops persicus, and Asellia tridens
Richard Chawana,Nina Patzke,Abdulaziz N. Alagaili,Nigel C. Bennett,Osama B. Mohammed,Consolate Kaswera-Kyamakya,Emmanuel Gilissen,Amadi O. Ihunwo,John D. Pettigrew,Paul R. Manger +9 more
TL;DR: A broad swathe of newly born cells and immature neurons was found between the caudoventral division of the RMS and the piriform cortex and the presence of DCX immunostained axons in the anterior commissure are features only observed in microchiropterans and insectivores to date.
References
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MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees
TL;DR: The program MRBAYES performs Bayesian inference of phylogeny using a variant of Markov chain Monte Carlo, and an executable is available at http://brahms.rochester.edu/software.html.
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Journal ArticleDOI
An Empirical Test of Bootstrapping as a Method for Assessing Confidence in Phylogenetic Analysis
David M. Hillis,James J. Bull +1 more
TL;DR: This work uses computer simulations and a laboratory-generated phylogeny to test bootstrapping results of parsimony analyses, and indicates that any given bootstrap proportion provides an unbiased but highly imprecise measure of repeatability, unless the actual probability of replicating the relevant result is nearly one.
Journal ArticleDOI
A molecular timescale for vertebrate evolution
Sudhir Kumar,S. Blair Hedges +1 more
TL;DR: The clock-like accumulation of sequence differences in some genes provides an alternative method by which the mean divergence time can be estimated, and the molecular times agree with most early and late fossil-based times, but indicate major gaps in the Mesozoic fossil record.
Journal ArticleDOI
Markov Chasin Monte Carlo Algorithms for the Bayesian Analysis of Phylogenetic Trees
Bret Larget,DL Simon +1 more
TL;DR: The Bayesian framework for analyzing aligned nucleotide sequence data to reconstruct phylogenies, assess uncertainty in the reconstructions, and perform other statistical inferences is developed and a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler is employed to sample trees and model parameter values from their joint posterior distribution.