Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Regulating Renin and Aldosterone Production in Man
TLDR
It is suggested that both upright posture and sodium depletion lead to decreases in effective plasma volume and increases in sympathetic nervous system activity, which is responsible for an increase in renal afferent arteriolar constriction, leading to a increase in renin secretion and, ultimately, an increaseIn aldosterone secretion.Abstract:
Several lines of evidence have been developed indicating that the sympathetic nervous system may play a role in mediating the renal and adrenocortical secretory responses to upright posture and sodium deprivation. Despite concurrent increases in arterial blood pressure, the plasma renin activity of normal subjects increased both in response to the infusion of catecholamines (norepinephrine: epinephrine, 10:1) and in response to stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system by cold. Aldosterone excretion was also increased by catecholamine infusion. In normal subjects the stimuli of upright posture and of sodium depletion both resulted in increases in urinary catecholamines, plasma renin activity, and urinary aldosterone. A patient with severe autonomic insufficiency did not experience normal elevations of urinary catecholamines, plasma renin activity, or urinary aldosterone in response to upright posture or sodium deprivation, despite a substantial fall in arterial blood pressure. When orthostatic hypotension was prevented by infusion of catecholamines, however, increases in plasma renin activity and in aldosterone excretion were observed. We suggest that both upright posture and sodium depletion lead to decreases in effective plasma volume and increases in sympathetic nervous system activity. This increase in sympathetic activity is then responsible for an increase in renal afferent arteriolar constriction, leading to an increase in renin secretion and, ultimately, an increase in aldosterone secretion.read more
Citations
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References
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TL;DR: This report includes a detailed description of the method, assay results for human urine and dog adrenal vein plasma, and a critical evaluation of the specificity, precision, and accuracy of this technique.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hypotensive Agents and Pressor Substances: The Effect of Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Angiotensin II, and Others on the Secretory Rate of Aldosterone in Man
TL;DR: The results suggest that aldosterone may regulate salt balance and blood pressure by its interaction with pressor substances such as angiotensin.
Journal Article
New procedures for measurement of human plasma angiotensin and renin activity levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
A crystalline pressor substance (angiotonin) resulting from the reaction between renin and renin-activator
Irvine H. Page,O. M. Helmer +1 more
TL;DR: Renin reacts with renin-activator to form a strong pressor substance which is heat-stable, water- and alcohol-soluble, fluorescent, acid- stable, and alkali-labile, and it is suggested that this substance be called angiotonin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of catecholamines and the renal nerves on renin secretion in anesthetized dogs.
TL;DR: Intravenous infusion of either epinephrine or norepinephrine during maintenance of a constant renal arterial blood pressure by means of suprarenal aortic constriction is presented.