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Salicylic Acid, a multifaceted hormone to combat disease.

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TLDR
Genetic studies reveal an increasingly complex network of proteins required for SA-mediated defense signaling, and this process is amplified by several regulatory feedback loops.
Abstract
For more than 200 years, the plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) has been studied for its medicinal use in humans. However, its extensive signaling role in plants, particularly in defense against pathogens, has only become evident during the past 20 years. This review surveys how SA in plants regulates both local disease resistance mechanisms, including host cell death and defense gene expression, and systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Genetic studies reveal an increasingly complex network of proteins required for SA-mediated defense signaling, and this process is amplified by several regulatory feedback loops. The interaction between the SA signaling pathway and those regulated by other plant hormones and/or defense signals is also discussed.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Hormonal Modulation of Plant Immunity

TL;DR: Evidence is emerging that beneficial root-inhabiting microbes also hijack the hormone-regulated immune signaling network to establish a prolonged mutualistic association, highlighting the central role of plant hormones in the regulation of plant growth and survival.
Journal ArticleDOI

ROS signaling: the new wave?

TL;DR: This review will attempt to address several key questions related to the use of ROS as signaling molecules in cells, including the dynamics and specificity of ROS signaling, networking of ROS with other signaling pathways, ROS signaling within and across different cells, ROS waves and the evolution of the ROS gene network.
Journal ArticleDOI

Jasmonates: biosynthesis, perception, signal transduction and action in plant stress response, growth and development. An update to the 2007 review in Annals of Botany

TL;DR: Important new components of jasmonate signalling including its receptor were identified, providing deeper insight into the role ofJASMONATE signalling pathways in stress responses and development.
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Induced systemic resistance by beneficial microbes

TL;DR: This review focuses on molecular processes at the interface between plant roots and ISR-eliciting mutualists, and on the progress in the understanding of ISR signaling and systemic defense priming.
Journal ArticleDOI

Salicylic acid beyond defence: its role in plant growth and development.

TL;DR: The evidence that supports the role of SA during plant growth and development is reviewed by comparing experiments performed by exogenous application of SA with analysis of genotypes affected by SA levels and/or perception.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The plant immune system

TL;DR: A detailed understanding of plant immune function will underpin crop improvement for food, fibre and biofuels production and provide extraordinary insights into molecular recognition, cell biology and evolution across biological kingdoms.
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Contrasting Mechanisms of Defense Against Biotrophic and Necrotrophic Pathogens

TL;DR: This review summarizes results from Arabidopsis-pathogen systems regarding the contributions of various defense responses to resistance to several biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens.
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Systemic acquired resistance

TL;DR: A model describing the sequence of events leading from initial infection to the induction of defense genes is presented and exciting new data suggest that the mobile signal for SAR might be a lipid molecule.
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Host-microbe interactions: Shaping the evolution of the plant immune response

TL;DR: In this review, taking an evolutionary perspective, important discoveries over the last decade about the plant immune response are highlighted.
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Redox homeostasis and antioxidant signaling: a metabolic interface between stress perception and physiological responses.

TL;DR: Growing evidence suggests a model for redox homeostasis in which the reactive oxygen species (ROS)–antioxidant interaction acts as a metabolic interface for signals derived from metabolism and from the environment.
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