Journal ArticleDOI
Salt tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.): the role of sodium exclusion
R. Fortmeier,Sven Schubert +1 more
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It is concluded that Na + exclusion contributes to the salt tolerance of maize by decreasing the concentration of Na + in the shoot until flowering.Abstract:
The influence of NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 on growth of two maize cultivars (Zea mays cv. Pioneer 3906 and cv. Across 8023) differing in Na + uptake was investigated in two greenhouse experiments. Na + treatment with different accompanying anions (Cl - /SO 4 2- ) showed that ion toxicity was caused by Na + . While shoot growth of the two cultivars was markedly affected by salt in comparison to the control during the first 2-3 weeks, there were only slight differences between the cultivars. The shoot Ca 2+ concentration was reduced in both cultivars, and the youngest leaves contained an even lower concentration compared with the rest of the shoot. During this first phase, Across 8023 tended to have higher concentrations of Ca 2+ than Pioneer 3906. The Na + -excluding cultivar Pioneer 3906 showed continuous, although reduced, growth compared with the control, while the Na + concentration in the shoot decreased until flowering. Cultivar Across 8023 accumulated Na + until flowering: the reduction in the growth of stressed plants was greater than that for Pioneer 3906. Leaves of cultivar Across 8023 showed clear toxic symptoms, while those of the more salt-tolerant cultivar Pioneer 3906 did not. It is concluded that Na + exclusion contributes to the salt tolerance of maize.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative physiology of salt and water stress
TL;DR: It is important to avoid treatments that induce cell plasmolysis, and to design experiments that distinguish between tolerance of salt and tolerance of water stress, to understand the processes that give rise toolerance of salt, as distinct from tolerance of osmotic stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Na+ Tolerance and Na+ Transport in Higher Plants
Mark Tester,Romola Davenport +1 more
TL;DR: This work suggests that equally important in a wide range of conditions are processes involving the management of Na(+) movements within the plant, and requires more knowledge of cell-specific transport processes and the consequences of manipulation of transporters and signalling elements in specific cell types.
Journal ArticleDOI
Screening methods for salinity tolerance: a case study with tetraploid wheat
Rana Munns,Richard A. James +1 more
TL;DR: A set of previously unexplored tetraploid wheat genotypes, from five subspecies of Triticum turgidum, were used in a case study for developing and validating glasshouse screening techniques for selecting for physiologically based traits that confer salinity tolerance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Corn growth and nitrogen nutrition after additions of biochars with varying properties to a temperate soil
Shelby Rajkovich,Akio Enders,Kelly Hanley,Charles Hyland,Andrew R. Zimmerman,Johannes Lehmann +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of biochar properties on crop growth are little understood and the authors used a greenhouse pot trial on a temperate and moderately fertile Alfisol amended with the biochar at application rates of 0.0, 0.2%, 0.5, 2.0%, and 7.0% (w/w) (equivalent to 0.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt stress in maize: effects, resistance mechanisms, and management. A review
Muhammad Farooq,Muhammad Farooq,Muhammad Farooq,Mubshar Hussain,Abdul Wakeel,Kadambot H. M. Siddique +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects, resistance mechanisms, and management of salt stress in maize are reviewed, and the main conclusions are as follows: (1) germination and stand establishment are more sensitive to salt stress than later developmental stages; therefore, soil salinity is a serious threat to its production worldwide.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crop salt tolerance–current assessment
Eugene V. Maas,G. J. Hoffman +1 more
TL;DR: An extensive literature review of all available salt tolerance data was undertaken to evaluate the current status of our knowledge of the salt tolerance of agricultural crops as mentioned in this paper, concluding that crops tolerate salinity up to a threshold level above which yields decrease approximately linearly as salt concentrations increase.
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Physiological processes limiting plant growth in saline soils: some dogmas and hypotheses
TL;DR: It is argued that salts taken up by the plant do not directly control plant growth by affecting turgor, photosynthesis or the activity of any one enzyme, and rather, the build-up of salt in old leaves hasten their death, and the loss of these leaves affects the supply of assimilates or hormones to the growing regions and thereby affects growth.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salt sensitivity of wheat at various growth stages
Eugene V. Maas,J. A. Poss +1 more
TL;DR: The relative salt tolerance of two wheat species (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Aldura) at different stages of growth was determined in a greenhouse experiment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Relation between Salt Tolerance and Long-distance Transport of Sodium and Chloride in Various Crop Species
H Lessani,H Marschner +1 more
TL;DR: A significant positive correlation exists between this efflux of 22Na in the various plant species and the corresponding growth depression caused by an increasing supply of NaCl.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sodium‐induced calcium deficiency in salt‐stressed corn
E. V. Maas,C. M. Grieve +1 more
TL;DR: The results clearly indicate that NaCl stress may cause lesions and unique plant responses that are not manifested on agronomic plants grown on saline soils.