Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of salinity tolerance
Rana Munns,Mark Tester +1 more
TLDR
The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level and the role of the HKT gene family in Na(+) exclusion from leaves is increasing.Abstract:
The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level. Plant growth responds to salinity in two phases: a rapid, osmotic phase that inhibits growth of young leaves, and a slower, ionic phase that accelerates senescence of mature leaves. Plant adaptations to salinity are of three distinct types: osmotic stress tolerance, Na + or Cl − exclusion, and the tolerance of tissue to accumulated Na + or Cl − . Our understanding of the role of the HKT gene family in Na + exclusion from leaves is increasing, as is the understanding of the molecular bases for many other transport processes at the cellular level. However, we have a limited molecular understanding of the overall control of Na + accumulation and of osmotic stress tolerance at the whole-plant level. Molecular genetics and functional genomics provide a new opportunity to synthesize molecular and physiological knowledge to improve the salinity tolerance of plants relevant to food production and environmental sustainability.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Reactive oxygen species homeostasis and signalling during drought and salinity stresses
TL;DR: An overview of ROS homeostasis and signalling in response to drought and salt stresses is provided and the current understanding of ROS involvement in stress sensing, stress signalling and regulation of acclimation responses is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Salinity tolerance in halophytes
TL;DR: Halophytes, plants that survive to reproduce in environments where the salt concentration is around 200 mm NaCl or more, constitute about 1% of the world's flora and research should be concentrated on a number of 'model' species that are representative of the various mechanisms that might be involved in tolerance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Breeding Technologies to Increase Crop Production in a Changing World
Mark Tester,Peter Langridge +1 more
TL;DR: New technologies must be developed to accelerate breeding through improving genotyping and phenotyping methods and by increasing the available genetic diversity in breeding germplasm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drought, salt, and temperature stress-induced metabolic rearrangements and regulatory networks
Julia Krasensky,Claudia Jonak +1 more
TL;DR: Information about metabolic regulation in response to drought, extreme temperature, and salinity stress is summarized and the signalling events involved in mediating stress-induced metabolic changes are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanism of Salinity Tolerance in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Characterization
Bhaskar Gupta,Bingru Huang +1 more
TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive review of major research advances on biochemical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms regulating plant adaptation and tolerance to salinity stress.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Signal Transduction
Klaus Apel,Heribert Hirt +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms of ROS generation and removal in plants during development and under biotic and abiotic stress conditions are described and the possible functions and mechanisms for ROS sensing and signaling in plants are compared with those in animals and yeast.
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Comparative physiology of salt and water stress
TL;DR: It is important to avoid treatments that induce cell plasmolysis, and to design experiments that distinguish between tolerance of salt and tolerance of water stress, to understand the processes that give rise toolerance of salt, as distinct from tolerance of osmotic stress.
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Salt and drought stress signal transduction in plants
TL;DR: Salt and drought stress signal transduction consists of ionic and osmotic homeostasis signaling pathways, detoxification (i.e., damage control and repair) response pathways, and pathways for growth regulation.
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Reactive oxygen gene network of plants
TL;DR: In Arabidopsis, a network of at least 152 genes is involved in managing the level of ROS, and this network is highly dynamic and redundant, and encodes ROS-scavenging and ROS-producing proteins.
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Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity.
TL;DR: Evidence for plant stress signaling systems is summarized, some of which have components analogous to those that regulate osmotic stress responses of yeast, some that presumably function in intercellular coordination or regulation of effector genes in a cell-/tissue-specific context required for tolerance of plants.