Journal ArticleDOI
Schistosomiasis in infants and pre-school-aged children in sub-Saharan Africa: implication for control
Uwem F Ekpo,A.S. Oluwole,Eniola Michael Abe,Hannah Edim Etta,Francisca Olamiju,Chiedu F. Mafiana +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that schistosomiasis infection starts from early childhood in many endemic communities and factors associated with exposure of infants and pre-school-aged children to infection are yet to be determined.Abstract:
Until recently, the epidemiology and control of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa have focused primarily on infections in school-aged children and to a lesser extent on adults. Now there is growing evidence and reports of infection in infants and pre-school-aged children (⩽6 years old) in Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Niger, Nigeria and Uganda, with reported prevalence from 14% to 86%. In this review, we provide available information on the epidemiology, transmission and control of schistosomiasis in this age group, generally not considered or included in national schistosomiasis control programmes that are being implemented in several sub-Saharan African countries. Contrary to previous assumptions, we show that schistosomiasis infection starts from early childhood in many endemic communities and factors associated with exposure of infants and pre-school-aged children to infection are yet to be determined. The development of morbidity early in childhood may contribute to long-term clinical impact and severity of schistosomiasis before they receive treatment. Consistently, these issues are overlooked in most schistosomiasis control programmes. It is, therefore, necessary to review current policy of schistosomiasis control programmes in sub-Saharan Africa to consider the treatment of infant and pre-school-aged children and the health education to mothers.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of human schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa
Abiola Fatimah Adenowo,Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye,Bolajoko Idiat Ogunyinka,Abidemi Paul Kappo,Abidemi Paul Kappo +4 more
TL;DR: This review is an exposition of human schistosomiasis as it affects the inhabitants of various communities in sub-Sahara African countries in terms of vaccines development, alternative drug design, as well as new point-of-care diagnostics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Schistosomiasis in African infants and preschool children: let them now be treated!
J. Russell Stothard,José Carlos Sousa-Figueiredo,José Carlos Sousa-Figueiredo,Martha Betson,Amaya L. Bustinduy,Jutta Reinhard-Rupp +5 more
TL;DR: Progress towards resolution of this unfortunate health inequity is highlighted, including the development of an appropriate paediatric praziquantel formulation, and present blocks are identified on securing this issue within the international health agenda.
Journal ArticleDOI
A robust dry reagent lateral flow assay for diagnosis of active schistosomiasis by detection of Schistosoma circulating anodic antigen.
Govert J. van Dam,Claudia J. de Dood,Melanie Lewis,André M. Deelder,Lisette van Lieshout,Hans J. Tanke,Louis H. van Rooyen,Paul L. A. M. Corstjens +7 more
TL;DR: The dry format UCP-LF assay was shown to provide a robust and easy to use format for rapid testing of CAA antigen in serum and was found to be superior with respect to speed and simplicity of use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accuracy of Urine Circulating Cathodic Antigen Test for the Diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni in Preschool-Aged Children before and after Treatment
Jean T. Coulibaly,Yves K. N’Gbesso,Stefanie Knopp,Stefanie Knopp,Nicaise A. N'Guessan,Kigbafori D. Silué,Govert J. van Dam,Eliézer K. N’Goran,Jürg Utzinger,Jürg Utzinger +9 more
TL;DR: A single POC-CCA cassette test appears to be more sensitive than multiple Kato-Katz thick smears for the diagnosis of S. mansoni in preschool-aged children before and after praziquantel administration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are new anthelmintics needed to eliminate human helminthiases
TL;DR: The attributes of anthelmintics that favor or limit attainment of the scaled-up plans for elimination are considered, and situations for which new or reformulated drugs may be needed are highlighted.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Schistosomiasis and water resources development: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimates of people at risk
TL;DR: It is concluded that the development and management of water resources is an important risk factor for schistosomiasis, and hence strategies to mitigate negative effects should become integral parts in the planning, implementation, and operation of future water projects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases
Peter J. Hotez,David H. Molyneux,Alan Fenwick,Jacob Kumaresan,Sonia Ehrlich Sachs,Jeffrey D. Sachs,Lorenzo Savioli +6 more
TL;DR: In addition to malaria, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, several other infectious diseases are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality as discussed by the authors, in particular 13 tropical diseases that cause disabilities such as blindness and heart failure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neglected tropical diseases in sub-saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden.
Peter J. Hotez,Aruna Kamath +1 more
TL;DR: The overall burden of Africa's neglected tropical diseases may be severely underestimated, and a full assessment is an important step for disease control priorities, particularly in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo, where the greatest number of NTDs may occur.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantification of clinical morbidity associated with schistosome infection in sub-Saharan Africa.
Marieke J. van der Werf,Sake J. de Vlas,Simon Brooker,Caspar W. N. Looman,Nico Nagelkerke,J. Dik F. Habbema,Dirk Engels +6 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that schistosomiasis remains an important public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and the mortality rates due to non-functioning kidney and haematemesis at 150000 and 130000 per year are estimated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neglected tropical diseases
TL;DR: Although there are proven strategies to control several NTDs, these diseases continue to cause a massive burden of morbidity and there is urgent need for more basic and operational research, drug and vaccine development, and greater prioritization by governments and international agencies.