Journal ArticleDOI
Speaker Introductions at Internal Medicine Grand Rounds: Forms of Address Reveal Gender Bias
Julia A. Files,Anita P. Mayer,Marcia G. Ko,Patricia Friedrich,Marjorie R. Jenkins,Michael J. Bryan,Suneela Vegunta,Christopher M. Wittich,Melissa A. Lyle,Ryan Melikian,Trevor Duston,Yu Hui H. Chang,Sharonne N. Hayes +12 more
TLDR
Women introduced by men at IMGR were less likely to be addressed by professional title than were men introduced byMen, and differential formality in speaker introductions may amplify isolation, marginalization, and professional discomfiture expressed by women faculty in academic medicine.Abstract:
Background: Gender bias has been identified as one of the drivers of gender disparity in academic medicine. Bias may be reinforced by gender subordinating language or differential use of formality in forms of address. Professional titles may influence the perceived expertise and authority of the referenced individual. The objective of this study is to examine how professional titles were used in the same and mixed-gender speaker introductions at Internal Medicine Grand Rounds (IMGR). Methods: A retrospective observational study of video-archived speaker introductions at consecutive IMGR was conducted at two different locations (Arizona, Minnesota) of an academic medical center. Introducers and speakers at IMGR were physician and scientist peers holding MD, PhD, or MD/PhD degrees. The primary outcome was whether or not a speaker's professional title was used during the first form of address during speaker introductions at IMGR. As secondary outcomes, we evaluated whether or not the speakers profes...read more
Citations
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Are gender gaps due to evaluations of the applicant or the science? A natural experiment at a national funding agency.
TL;DR: Gender gaps in grant funding are attributable to less favourable assessments of women as principal investigators, not of the quality of their proposed research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Achieving Gender Equity in Physician Compensation and Career Advancement: A Position Paper of the American College of Physicians.
TL;DR: The unique challenges female physicians face over the course of their careers are summarized and solutions with the goal of ensuring that medicine can realize and benefit from the full potential of these physicians are identified.
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The Impact of Unconscious Bias in Healthcare: How to Recognize and Mitigate It
TL;DR: The strategies described in this article can help us recognize and mitigate unconscious bias and can help create an equitable environment in healthcare, including the field of infectious diseases.
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Recognizing and Reacting to Microaggressions in Medicine and Surgery
TL;DR: The primary goal of this communication is to help readers understand microaggressions and their effect, and to provide suggestions for how recipients or bystanders may respond to microagressions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Disrupting gender norms in health systems: making the case for change
Katherine Hay,Lotus McDougal,Valerie Percival,Sarah Henry,Jeni Klugman,Jeni Klugman,Haja Wurie,Joanna Raven,Fortunate Shabalala,Rebecca Fielding-Miller,Arnab Dey,Nabamallika Dehingia,Rosemary Morgan,Yamini Atmavilas,Niranjan Saggurti,Jennifer Yore,Elena Blokhina,Rumana Huque,Edwine Barasa,Nandita Bhan,Chandani Kharel,Jay G. Silverman,Anita Raj,Gary L. Darmstadt,Margaret E. Greene,Sarah Hawkes,Lori Heise,Jody Heymann,Ruth Levine,Geeta Rao Gupta +29 more
TL;DR: It is found that institutional support and respect of nurses improves quality of care, and that women's empowerment collectives can increase health-care access and provider responsiveness and propose action to systematically identify and address restrictive gender norms and gender inequalities in health systems.
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