Journal ArticleDOI
Steam-gasification of biomass in a fluidised-bed of olivine particles.
TLDR
In this paper, the catalytic behavior of olivine, a common, naturally occurring mineral containing magnesium, iron oxides and silica, was investigated in a laboratory scale, biomass gasification unit.Abstract:
Naturally occurring catalytic substances are employed in biomass steam-gasification processes to enhance the yield of fuel gas and reduce its tar content by cracking and reforming the high molecular weight organic components. Calcined dolomite is widely used for this purpose; it exhibits good catalytic activity under the operating conditions of the gasifier. However, due to its poor mechanical strength, it gives rise to a large production of fines in a fluidised-bed environment. This work reports an investigation into the catalytic behaviour of olivine, a common, naturally occurring mineral containing magnesium, iron oxides and silica: iron is known to play a positive role in tar decomposition reactions. The gasification runs, performed with a laboratory scale, biomass gasification unit, show that the olivine activity is close to that exhibited by dolomite under comparable operating conditions. Olivine has the additional advantage, however, that its resistance to attrition in the fluidised bed is much greater, similar to that of sand. Parametric sensitivity studies of a gasification process, utilising olivine as the fluidised-bed inventory, indicate an optimum gasification temperature of just above 800°C, and little influence of the steam/biomass ratio in the range 0.5–1.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: chemistry, catalysts, and engineering.
TL;DR: Hydrogen Production by Water−Gas Shift Reaction 4056 4.1.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the primary measures for tar elimination in biomass gasification processes
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the research and development in this area are reviewed and cited in the present paper, and the concepts of two-stage gasification and secondary air injection in the gasifier are of prime importance.
Book
Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis: Practical Design and Theory
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive coverage of the design, analysis, and operational aspects of biomass gasification, the key technology enabling the production of biofuels from all viable sources.
Journal ArticleDOI
An experimental study on biomass air-steam gasification in a fluidized bed.
TL;DR: The results showed that higher temperature contributed to more hydrogen production, but too high a temperature lowered gas heating value, and a smaller particle was more favorable for higher gas LHV and yield.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling of biomass gasification in fluidized bed
Alberto Gómez-Barea,Bo G Leckner +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated survey of published mathematical reactor models for biomass and waste gasification in bubbling and circulating fluidized bed (FB) gasifiers is presented, where semi-empirical correlations are used to simplify the fluid-dynamics.
References
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Book
Chemistry and Technology of Lime and Limestone
TL;DR: The ICCROM as discussed by the authors describes the formation and properties of limestone; exploration and extraction; processing and uses; and theory of calcination of lime; and methods of slaking of lime.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomass gasification with air in an atmospheric bubbling fluidized bed. Effect of six operational variables on the quality of the produced raw gas
TL;DR: In this paper, the equivalence ratio (from 0.20 to 0.45), temperatures of the gasifier bed (750−850 °C) and of its freeboard (500−600 °C), H/C ratio in the feed, use of secondary air (10% of the overall) in the freeboard, and addition (2−5 wt %) of a calcined dolomite mixed with the biomass used as the feedstock.
BookDOI
Fundamentals of thermochemical biomass conversion
TL;DR: In this paper, Wood and biomass ultrastructure, Cellulose, hemicellulose and extractives, Lignin, pretreatment of biomass for thermochemical biomass conversion, a kinetic isotope effect in the thermal dehydration of cellobiose; Gasification and liquefaction of forest products in supercritical water; Thermochemical fractionation and liquifaction of wood; The pyrolysis and gasification of wood in molten hydroxide eutectics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomass Gasification with Steam in Fluidized Bed: Effectiveness of CaO, MgO, and CaO−MgO for Hot Raw Gas Cleaning
TL;DR: In this article, the upgrading of the raw hot gas from a bubbling fluidized bed biomass gasifier is studied using cheap calcined minerals or rocks downstream from the gasifier. And the effects on tar conversion, tar amount in the exit gas, product distribution, and gas composition are presented.
BookDOI
Research in thermochemical biomass conversion.
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of feedstock components on municipal solid waste pyrolysis were investigated and the effect of neutral salts on thermochemical conversion of cellulose and of sucrose.