Stressor paradigms in developmental studies: What does and does not work to produce mean increases in salivary cortisol
TLDR
This paper reviews stressor paradigms used with infants, children, and adolescents to guide researchers in selecting effective stressor tasks and considers several factors, including the availability of coping resources and the extent to which, in older children, the task threatens the social self.About:
This article is published in Psychoneuroendocrinology.The article was published on 2009-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 508 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Stressor.read more
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The Adaptive Calibration Model of stress responsivity.
TL;DR: The Adaptive Calibration Model is presented, an evolutionary-developmental theory of individual differences in the functioning of the stress response system that extends the theory of biological sensitivity to context (BSC) and provides an integrative framework for future research in the field.
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Why do we respond so differently? Reviewing determinants of human salivary cortisol responses to challenge.
TL;DR: This overview demonstrates the role of age and gender, endogenous and exogenous sex steroid levels, pregnancy, lactation and breast-feeding, smoking, coffee and alcohol consumption as well as dietary energy supply in salivary cortisol responses to acute stress.
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Diurnal cortisol slopes and mental and physical health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Emma K. Adam,Meghan E. Quinn,Meghan E. Quinn,Royette Tavernier,Mollie T. McQuillan,Katie A. Dahlke,Kirsten Gilbert +6 more
TL;DR: It is argued that flatter diurnal cortisol slopes may both reflect and contribute to stress-related dysregulation of central and peripheral circadian mechanisms, with corresponding downstream effects on multiple aspects of biology, behavior, and health.
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Enhancing Attachment Organization Among Maltreated Children: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Kristin Bernard,Mary Dozier,Johanna Bick,Erin Lewis-Morrarty,Oliver Lindhiem,Elizabeth A. Carlson +5 more
TL;DR: Children in the ABC intervention showed significantly lower rates of disorganized attachment and higher rates of secure attachment relative to the control intervention compared to parents at high risk for maltreatment.
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Human models in acute and chronic stress: Assessing determinants of individual hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and reactivity
Brigitte M. Kudielka,Stefan Wüst +1 more
TL;DR: Findings on two HPA axis measures are focused on, namely the cortisol-awakening response (CAR) to assess HPA Axis basal activity and the Trier social stress test (TSST) to investigate HPAaxis stress reactivity.
References
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The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’ – A Tool for Investigating Psychobiological Stress Responses in a Laboratory Setting
TL;DR: The results suggest that gender, genetics and nicotine consumption can influence the individual's stress responsiveness to psychological stress while personality traits showed no correlation with cortisol responses to TSST stimulation.
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Acute stressors and cortisol responses: a theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research.
TL;DR: Motivated performance tasks elicited cortisol responses if they were uncontrollable or characterized by social-evaluative threat (task performance could be negatively judged by others), when methodological factors and other stressor characteristics were controlled for.
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Biobehavioral responses to stress in females: tend-and-befriend, not fight-or-flight.
Shelley E. Taylor,Laura Cousino Klein,Brian P. Lewis,Tara L. Gruenewald,Regan A. R. Gurung,Regan A. R. Gurung,John A. Updegraff +6 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that, behaviorally, females' responses to stress are more marked by a pattern of "tend-and-befriend," and neuroendocrine evidence from animal and human studies suggests that oxytocin, in conjunction with female reproductive hormones and endogenous opioid peptide mechanisms, may be at its core.
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Biological bases of childhood shyness.
TL;DR: The group differences in peripheral physiological reactions suggest that inherited variation in the threshold of arousal in selected limbic sites may contribute to shyness in childhood and even extreme degrees of social avoidance in adults.