Substorm Current Wedge Revisited
Larry Kepko,Robert L. McPherron,Olaf Amm,S. Apatenkov,Wolfgang Baumjohann,J. Birn,Mark Lester,Rumi Nakamura,Tuija Pulkkinen,V. A. Sergeev +9 more
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In this article, the substorm current wedge was developed to explain the magnetic signatures observed on the ground and in geosynchronous orbit during substorm expansion, and new observations, including radar and low altitude spacecraft, MHD simulations, and theoretical considerations have tremendously ad-vanced our understanding of this system.Abstract:
Almost 40 years ago the concept of the substorm current wedge was developed to explain the magnetic signatures observed on the ground and in geosynchronous orbit during substorm expansion. In the ensuing decades new observations, including radar and low- altitude spacecraft, MHD simulations, and theoretical considerations have tremendously ad- vanced our understanding of this system. The AMPTE/IRM, THEMIS and Cluster missions have added considerable observational knowledge, especially on the important role of fast flows in producing the stresses that generate the substorm current wedge. Recent detailed, multi-spacecraft, multi-instrument observations both in the magnetosphere and in the iono- sphere have brought a wealth of new information about the details of the temporal evolution and structure of the current system. While the large-scale picture remains valid, the newread more
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Jets Downstream of Collisionless Shocks
Ferdinand Plaschke,Ferdinand Plaschke,Heli Hietala,Martin Archer,Xochitl Blanco-Cano,P. Kajdič,Tomas Karlsson,S. H. Lee,Nojan Omidi,Minna Palmroth,Minna Palmroth,Vadim Roytershteyn,Daniel Schmid,V. A. Sergeev,David G. Sibeck +14 more
TL;DR: The magnetosheath flow may take the form of large amplitude, yet spatially localized, transient increases in dynamic pressure, known as "magnetoheath jets" or "plasmoids" among other denominations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Explosive Magnetotail Activity
M. I. Sitnov,Joachim Birn,B. Ferdousi,Evgeny Gordeev,Yuri V. Khotyaintsev,Viacheslav Merkin,Tetsuo Motoba,Antonius Otto,Evgeny V. Panov,P. L. Pritchett,Fulvia Pucci,Fulvia Pucci,Joachim Raeder,Andrei Runov,V. A. Sergeev,Marco Velli,Xu-Zhi Zhou +16 more
TL;DR: Two mechanisms for the generation of the pre-onset current sheet are discussed, namely magnetic flux addition to the tail lobes, or other high-latitude perturbations, and magnetic flux evacuation from the near-Earth tail associated with dayside reconnection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges to Understanding the Earth's Ionosphere and Thermosphere
Rod Heelis,Astrid Maute +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the challenges to understanding and description of the coupled plasma and neutral gas that make up the ionosphere and thermosphere (I•T) and discuss some of the challenges that must be addressed to understand how the I•T responds to coupling from the surrounding regions of geospace.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multipoint Observations of Energetic Particle Injections and Substorm Activity During a Conjunction Between Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) and Van Allen Probes
Drew Turner,J. F. Fennell,J. B. Blake,Seth G. Claudepierre,J. H. Clemmons,Allison Jaynes,T. W. Leonard,Daniel N. Baker,Ian J. Cohen,Matina Gkioulidou,Aleksandr Ukhorskiy,Barry Mauk,Christine Gabrielse,Vassilis Angelopoulos,Robert J. Strangeway,Craig Kletzing,O. Le Contel,Harlan E. Spence,Roy B. Torbert,Roy B. Torbert,James L. Burch,Geoffrey D. Reeves +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined multipoint observations during a conjunction between Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) and Van Allen Probes on 7 April 2016 in which a series of energetic particle injections occurred.
Journal ArticleDOI
SAPS/SAID revisited: A causal relation to the substorm current wedge
TL;DR: In this article, multispacecraft observations of enhanced flow/electric field channels in the inner magnetosphere and conjugate subauroral ionosphere were presented, and it was shown that the poleward electric field inherent in the SCW2L circuit, which demands closure of the Region 1 and Region 2 sense field aligned currents via meridional currents, is the ultimate cause of fast RC injection and SAPS on the duskside.
References
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