Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide attempts preceding completed suicide
Erkki Isometsä,Jouko Lönnqvist +1 more
TLDR
Most male and a substantial proportion of female suicides die in their first suicide attempt, a fact that necessitates early recognition of suicide risk, particularly among males.Abstract:
BACKGROUND This study investigated three questions with major implications for suicide prevention: the sensitivity of the history of previous suicide attempt(s) as an indicator of suicide risk, the time interval from a preceding suicide attempt to the fatal one, and switching of suicide methods by those eventually completing suicide.
METHOD The lifetime history of suicide attempts and the methods the victims (n = 1397) used were examined in a nationwide psychological autopsy study comprising all suicides in Finland within a 12-month research period in 1987-1988.
RESULTS Overall, 56% of suicide victims were found to have died at their first suicide attempt, more males (62%) than females (38%). In 19% of males and 39% of females the victim had made a non-fatal attempt during the final year. Of the victims with previous attempts, 82% had used at least two different methods in their suicide attempts (the fatal included).
CONCLUSIONS Most male and a substantial proportion of female suicides die in their first suicide attempt, a fact that necessitates early recognition of suicide risk, particularly among males. Recognition of periods of high suicide risk on the grounds of recent non-fatal suicide attempts is likely to be important for suicide prevention among females. Subjects completing suicide commonly switch from one suicide method to another, a finding that weakens but does not negate the credibility of restrictions on the availability of lethal methods as a preventive measure.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Psychological autopsy studies of suicide: a systematic review.
TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review aimed to examine the results of studies of suicide that used a psychological autopsy method, which offers the most direct technique currently available for examining the relationship between particular antecedents and suicide.
Journal Article
Psychological autopsy studies of suicide: a systematic review. (vol 33, pg 395, 2003)
TL;DR: The results indicated that mental disorder was the most strongly associated variable of those that have been studied and suicide prevention strategies may be most effective if focused on the treatment of mental disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide Attempt as a Risk Factor for Completed Suicide: Even More Lethal Than We Knew.
TL;DR: The findings support suicide attempt as an even more lethal risk factor for completed suicide than previously thought and research should focus on identifying risk factors for populations vulnerable to making first attempts and target risk reduction in those groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Suicide risk in mood disorders.
TL;DR: A careful and systematic exploration of suicide risk factors in patients with mood disorder helps clinicians to identify patients at high suicide risk and substantially reduces the suicidal behaviour even in this high-risk population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Four studies on how past and current suicidality relate even when "everything but the kitchen sink" is covaried.
Thomas E. Joiner,Yeates Conwell,Kathleen Kara Fitzpatrick,Tracy K. Witte,Norman B. Schmidt,Marcelo T. Berlim,Marcelo Pio de Almeida Fleck,M. David Rudd +7 more
TL;DR: Across settings, age groups, and impairment levels, the association between past suicidal behavior and current suicidal symptoms held, even when controlling for strong covariates like hopelessness and symptoms of various Axis I and II syndromes.
References
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E C Harris,B Barraclough +1 more
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Markus Henriksson,Hillevi Aro,Mauri Marttunen,M. Heikkinen,Erkki Isometsä,Kimmo Kuoppasalmi,Jouko Lönnqvist +6 more
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Mental disorders in adolescent suicide. DSM-III-R axes I and II diagnoses in suicides among 13- to 19-year-olds in Finland.
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