Proceedings ArticleDOI
Teaching people how to teach robots: the effect of instructional materials and dialog design
Maya Cakmak,Leila Takayama +1 more
- pp 431-438
TLDR
This paper develops a system that allows users to program complex manipulation skills on a two-armed robot through a spoken dialog interface and by physically moving the robot’s arms, and investigates the effect of providing users with an additional written tutorial or an instructional video.Abstract:
Allowing end-users to harness the full capability of general purpose robots, requires giving them powerful tools. As the functionality of these tools increase, learning how to use them becomes more challenging. In this paper we investigate the use of instructional materials to support the learnability of a Programming by Demonstration tool. We develop a system that allows users to program complex manipulation skills on a two-armed robot through a spoken dialog interface and by physically moving the robot’s arms. We present a user study (N=30) in which participants are left alone with the robot and a user manual, without any prior instructions on how to program the robot. Instead, they are asked to figure it out on their own. We investigate the effect of providing users with an additional written tutorial or an instructional video. We find that videos are most effective in training the user; however, this effect might be superficial and ultimately trial-and-error plays an important role in learning to program the robot. We also find that tutorials can be problematic when the interaction has uncertainty due to speech recognition errors. Overall, the user study demonstrates the effectiveness and learnability of the our system, while providing useful feedback about the dialog design.read more
Citations
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
DeFT: A conceptual framework for considering learning with multiple representations
TL;DR: The utility of the DeFT framework is proposed to be in identifying a broad range of factors that influence learning, reconciling inconsistent experimental findings, revealing under-explored areas of multi-representational research and pointing forward to potential design heuristics for learning with multiple representations.
Learning by doing
Richard M. Felder,Rebecca Brent +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose to help students develop some skills during those contact hours by giving them some practice in the tasks they’ll later be asked to perform on assignments and tests.
Book
Robot Programming by Demonstration
TL;DR: Programming by demonstration (PbD) as discussed by the authors is a technique for teaching new skills to a robot by imitation, tutelage, or apprenticeship learning through human guidance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Taking the load off a learner's mind: Instructional design for complex learning.
TL;DR: In this article, a framework for scaffolding practice and just-in-time information presentation, aiming to control cognitive load effectively, is presented, and theoretical and practical implications of the presented framework are discussed.