The AL Amyloid Fibril: Looking for a Link between Fibril Formation and Structure
Christian Haupt
- Vol. 2, Iss: 3, pp 505-514
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TLDR
Recent biochemical and biophysical studies that have expanded knowledge on how versatile the structure of AL fibrils in patients is are reviewed and highlighted their implications for the molecular mechanism of fibril formation in AL amyloidosis are highlighted.Abstract:
The formation and deposition of fibrils derived from immunglobulin light chains is a hallmark of systemic AL amyloidosis. A particularly remarkable feature of the disease is the diversity and complexity in pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. This is related to the variability of immunoglobulins, as virtually every patient has a variety of mutations resulting in their own unique AL protein and thus a unique fibril deposited in the body. Here, I review recent biochemical and biophysical studies that have expanded our knowledge on how versatile the structure of AL fibrils in patients is and highlight their implications for the molecular mechanism of fibril formation in AL amyloidosis.read more
Citations
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Transient disorder along pathways to amyloid
TL;DR: In this article, high-resolution structures of amyloid fibrils formed from normally-folded proteins have revealed non-native conformations of the polypeptide chains, in contrast to earlier models that posited a role for assembly of partially folded proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Concurrent light chain amyloidosis and proximal tubulopathy: Insights into different aggregation behavior—A case report
Simone Feurstein,Julian Zoller,Constantin Schwab,S. Schreiner,Heiko M. Mundt,Iris Breitkreutz,Brigitte Schneider,Jörg Beimler,Martin Zeier,Rüdiger Waldherr,Stefan Gröschel,Carsten Müller-Tidow,Stefan Schönland,Ute Hegenbart +13 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the first case of concurrent AL amyloidosis and a subclass of MGRS, light chain proximal tubulopathy (LCPT), was reported in a 53-year-old female with smoldering myeloma immunoglobulin G kappa.
References
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Light chain-associated amyloid deposits comprised of a novel κ constant domain
TL;DR: It is suggested that conformational differences in VL/CL packing within the fibrils may account for the unusual composition of the amyloid deposits and that the previously unrecognized Asn177 substitution represents yet another Ckappa allotype, provisionally designated Km4.
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Alain Beck,Hongcheng Liu +1 more
TL;DR: A summary of the current understanding of post-translational and physico-chemical modifications identified in recombinant mAbs and endogenous IgGs at physiological conditions is provided.
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Cryo-EM reveals the steric zipper structure of a light chain-derived amyloid fibril
TL;DR: A reconstruction of a fibril formed from the pathogenic core of an amyloidogenic immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain using electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) shows a lattice-like assembly of face-to-face packed peptide dimers that corresponds to the structure of steric zippers in peptide crystals.
Journal ArticleDOI
Common Fibril Structures Imply Systemically Conserved Protein Misfolding Pathways In Vivo
Karthikeyan Annamalai,Falk Liberta,Marie-Theres Vielberg,William Close,Hauke Lilie,Karl-Heinz Gührs,Angelika Schierhorn,Rolf Koehler,Andreas Schmidt,Christian Haupt,Ute Hegenbart,Stefan Schönland,Matthias Schmidt,Michael Groll,Marcus Fändrich +14 more
TL;DR: The data imply for both analyzed forms of amyloidosis that the pathways of protein misfolding are systemically conserved; that is, they follow the same rules irrespective of where inside one body fibrils are formed or accumulated.
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Significant differences in physicochemical properties of human immunoglobulin kappa and lambda CDR3 regions
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