The cell wall in plant cell response to trace metals: polysaccharide remodeling and its role in defense strategy
TLDR
This review paper will present the most recent results, especially those that are concerned withpolysaccharide level, composition and distribution under trace metal stress, and describe in detail the polysaccharides responsible for metal binding and immobilization in different groups of plants (algae and higher plants).Abstract:
This review paper is focused predominantly on the role of the cell wall in the defense response of plants to trace metals. It is generally known that this compartment accumulates toxic divalent and trivalent metal cations both during their uptake by the cell from the environment and at the final stage of their sequestration from the protoplast. However, from results obtained in recent years, our understanding of the role played by the cell wall in plant defense response to toxic metals has markedly altered. It has been shown that this compartment may function not only as a sink for toxic trace metal accumulation, but that it is also actively modified under trace metal stress. These modifications lead to an increase in the capacity of the cell wall to accumulate trace metals and a decrease of its permeability for trace metal migration into the protoplast. One of the most striking alterations is the enhancement of the level of low-methylesterified pectins: the polysaccharides able to bind divalent and trivalent metal ions. This review paper will present the most recent results, especially those that are concerned with polysaccharide level, composition and distribution under trace metal stress, and describe in detail the polysaccharides responsible for metal binding and immobilization in different groups of plants (algae and higher plants). The review also contains information related to the entry pathways of trace metals into the cell wall and their detection methods.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Heavy metals in food crops: Health risks, fate, mechanisms, and management
TL;DR: This review focuses on and describes heavy metal contamination in soil-food crop subsystems with respect to human health risks, and explores the possible geographical pathways of heavy metals in such subsystems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell Wall Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress.
Hyacinthe Le Gall,Florian Philippe,Jean Marc Domon,Françoise Gillet,Jérôme Pelloux,Catherine Rayon +5 more
TL;DR: The results show the need to undertake large-scale analyses, using multidisciplinary approaches, to unravel the consequences of stress on the cell wall and identify the key components that could be targeted to improve biomass production under stress conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The molecular mechanism of zinc and cadmium stress response in plants
Ya-Fen Lin,Mark G. M. Aarts +1 more
TL;DR: The different molecular mechanisms of nutritional (Zn) and non-nutritional (Cd) metal homeostasis between metal-sensitive and metal-adapted species are compared to provide a comprehensive overview on how plants cope with Zn/Cd stress at the molecular level.
Journal ArticleDOI
The effect of excess copper on growth and physiology of important food crops: a review
Muhammad Adrees,Shafaqat Ali,Muhammad Rizwan,Muhammad Ibrahim,Farhat Abbas,Mujahid Farid,Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman,Muhammad Irshad,Saima Aslam Bharwana +8 more
TL;DR: It is recommended that Cu-tolerant crops should be grown on Cu-contaminated soils in order to ameliorate the toxic effects for sustainable farming systems and to meet the food demands of the intensively increasing population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heavy metal stress and responses in plants
Noor-Ul-Huda Ghori,T. Ghori,Muhammad Qasim Hayat,Sameen Ruqia Imadi,Alvina Gul,Volkan Altay,Munir Ozturk +6 more
TL;DR: The first line of defense provided by a plant is to reduce the uptake of metals when stimulated with toxicity of heavy metals and includes the help offered by cellular and root exudates that restricts metals from entering the cell as discussed by the authors.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth
TL;DR: This review integrates information on the chemical structure of individual polymers with data obtained from new techniques used to probe the arrangement of the polymers within the walls of individual cells consistent with the physical properties of the wall and its components.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance
TL;DR: A broad overview of the evidence for an involvement of each mechanism in heavy metal detoxification and tolerance is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biological interactions between polysaccharides and divalent cations: The egg‐box model
TL;DR: It is shown that spedfic binding of divalent cations to a polysaechafide polyelectro]ym, leading firm cohesion between the chains, can cause characteristic effects in the c~rcutar diehroism spectrum which are understandabb in terms of modem theo~, [ l ].
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the biochemistry of heavy metal biosorption by brown algae
TL;DR: The emphasis is on outlining the biochemical properties of the brown algae that set them apart from other algal biosorbents, including alginate and fucoidan, which are chiefly responsible for heavy metal chelation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant responses to abiotic stresses: heavy metal‐induced oxidative stress and protection by mycorrhization
TL;DR: The present results indicate that mycorrhization stimulated the phenolic defence system in the Paxillus-Pinus mycorRhizal symbiosis and Plants in certain mycor rhizal associations are less sensitive to cadmium stress than non-mycorrhizal plants.