Journal ArticleDOI
The estimation of population differentiation with microsatellite markers.
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TLDR
This review discusses the consequences of different temporal and spatial sampling strategies on differentiation estimation, and moves to statistical problems directly associated with the estimation of population structuring itself, with particular emphasis on the effects of high mutation rates and mutation patterns of microsatellite loci.Abstract:
Microsatellite markers are routinely used to investigate the genetic structuring of natural populations. The knowledge of how genetic variation is partitioned among populations may have important implications not only in evolutionary biology and ecology, but also in conservation biology. Hence, reliable estimates of population differentiation are crucial to understand the connectivity among populations and represent important tools to develop conservation strategies. The estimation of differentiation is c from Wright's FST and/or Slatkin's RST, an FST -analogue assuming a stepwise mutation model. Both these statistics have their drawbacks. Furthermore, there is no clear consensus over their relative accuracy. In this review, we first discuss the consequences of different temporal and spatial sampling strategies on differentiation estimation. Then, we move to statistical problems directly associated with the estimation of population structuring itself, with particular emphasis on the effects of high mutation rates and mutation patterns of microsatellite loci. Finally, we discuss the biological interpretation of population structuring estimates.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
G(ST) and its relatives do not measure differentiation.
TL;DR: G ST and its relatives are often interpreted as measures of differentiation between subpopulations, with values near zero supposedly indicating low differentiation, but GST necessarily approaches zero when gene diversity is high, and it is not monotonic with increasing differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of different nuclear DNA markers for estimating intraspecific genetic diversity in plants.
TL;DR: In this article, a compilation of 307 studies using nuclear DNA markers for evaluating among-and within-population diversity in wild angiosperms and gymnosperms was made, which indicated that long-lived, outcrossing, late successional taxa retain most of their genetic variability within populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
A standardized genetic differentiation measure
TL;DR: A standarized measure of genetic differentiation is introduced here, one which has the same range, 0–1, for all levels of genetic variation, and allows comparison between loci with different levels of Genetic variation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microsatellites for ecologists: a practical guide to using and evaluating microsatellite markers
TL;DR: This synthesis presents a multistep screening process to evaluate candidate loci for inclusion in a genetic study that is broadly targeted to both novice and experienced geneticists alike and aims to encourage the use and consistent reporting of thorough marker screening to ensure high quality data.
Journal ArticleDOI
What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity.
TL;DR: It is suggested several quantitative criteria that might be used to determine when groups of individuals are different enough to be considered ‘populations’, and a simple algorithm based on a multilocus contingency test of allele frequencies in pairs of samples has high power to detect the true number of populations but requires more rigorous statistical evaluation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data
TL;DR: Pritch et al. as discussed by the authors proposed a model-based clustering method for using multilocus genotype data to infer population structure and assign individuals to populations, which can be applied to most of the commonly used genetic markers, provided that they are not closely linked.
Journal ArticleDOI
Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure.
Bruce S. Weir,C. Clark Cockerham +1 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this discussion is to offer some unity to various estimation formulae and to point out that correlations of genes in structured populations, with which F-statistics are concerned, are expressed very conveniently with a set of parameters treated by Cockerham (1 969, 1973).
Book
Molecular Evolutionary Genetics
TL;DR: Recent developments of statistical methods in molecular phylogenetics are reviewed and it is shown that the mathematical foundations of these methods are not well established, but computer simulations and empirical data indicate that currently used methods produce reasonably good phylogenetic trees when a sufficiently large number of nucleotides or amino acids are used.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.
Randall Keichi Saiki,Stephen J. Scharf,Fred A. Faloona,Kary B. Mullis,Glenn Thomas Horn,Henry A. Erlich,Norman Arnheim +6 more
TL;DR: Two new methods were used to establish a rapid and highly sensitive prenatal diagnostic test for sickle cell anemia, using primer-mediated enzymatic amplification of specific beta-globin target sequences in genomic DNA, resulting in the exponential increase of target DNA copies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic distance between populations
TL;DR: If enough data are available, genetic distance between any pair of organisms can be measured in terms of D, and this measure is applicable to any kind of organism without regard to ploidy or mating scheme.
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