Journal ArticleDOI
The functional neuroanatomy of tinnitus : Evidence for limbic system links and neural plasticity
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TLDR
Patients, compared with controls, showed evidence for more widespread activation by the tones and aberrant links between the limbic and auditory systems, providing evidence for cortical plasticity that may account for tinnitus and associated symptoms.Abstract:
We used PET to map brain regions responding to changes in tinnitus loudness in four patients who could alter tinnitus loudness by performing voluntary oral facial movements (OFMs). Cerebral blood flow was measured in four patients and six controls at rest, during the OFM, and during stimulation with pure tones. OFM-induced loudness changes affected the auditory cortex contralateral to the ear in which tinnitus was perceived, whereas unilateral cochlear stimulation caused bilateral effects, suggesting a retrocochlear origin for their tinnitus. Patients, compared with controls, showed evidence for more widespread activation by the tones and aberrant links between the limbic and auditory systems. These abnormal patterns provide evidence for cortical plasticity that may account for tinnitus and associated symptoms. Although audiologic symptoms and examinations of these patients were typical, the unusual ability to modulate tinnitus loudness with an OFM suggests some caution may be warranted in generalizing these findings.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268
Journal ArticleDOI
Tuning out the noise: limbic-auditory interactions in tinnitus.
TL;DR: A testable model for tinnitus is proposed that is grounded in recent findings from human imaging and focuses on brain areas in cortex, thalamus, and ventral striatum and aims to enable the development of effective treatment.
Journal ArticleDOI
General review of tinnitus: Prevalence, mechanisms, effects, and management
TL;DR: A broad-based review of what is presently known about tinnitus, including prevalence, associated factors, theories of pathophysiology, psychological effects, effects on disability and handicap, workers' compensation issues, clinical assessment, and various forms of treatment is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ringing Ears: The Neuroscience of Tinnitus
Larry E. Roberts,Jos J. Eggermont,Donald M. Caspary,Susan E. Shore,Jennifer R. Melcher,James A. Kaltenbach +5 more
TL;DR: Evidence is considered that deafferentation of tonotopically organized central auditory structures leads to increased neuron spontaneous firing rates and neural synchrony in the hearing loss region, which covers the frequency spectrum of tinnitus sounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Auditory plasticity and hyperactivity following cochlear damage.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the gain of the central auditory pathway can be up- or down regulated to compensate for the amount of neural activity from the cochlea.
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Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: A general linear approach
Karl J. Friston,Andrew P. Holmes,Keith J. Worsley,J-B. Poline,Chris D. Frith,Richard S. J. Frackowiak +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a general approach that accommodates most forms of experimental layout and ensuing analysis (designed experiments with fixed effects for factors, covariates and interaction of factors).
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Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain—3-Dimensional Proportional System: An Approach to Cerebral Imaging, J. Talairach, P. Tournoux. Georg Thieme Verlag, New York (1988), 122 pp., 130 figs. DM 268
Journal ArticleDOI
Phantom-limb pain as a perceptual correlate of cortical reorganization following arm amputation
Herta Flor,Thomas Elbert,Stefan Knecht,Christian Wienbruch,Christo Pantev,Niels Birbaumer,Wolfgang Larbig,Edward Taub +7 more
TL;DR: A very strong direct relationship is reported between the amount of cortical reorganization and the magnitude of phantom limb pain (but not non-painful phantom phenomena) experienced after arm amputation, indicating that phantom-limb pain is related to, and may be a consequence of, plastic changes in primary somatosensory cortex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phantom auditory perception (tinnitus): mechanisms of generation and perception
TL;DR: Existing theories and their extrapolation are presented, together with some new potential mechanisms of tinnitus generation, encompassing the involvement of calcium and calcium channels in cochlear function, with implications for malfunction and aging of the auditory and vestibular systems.