Journal ArticleDOI
The Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients With Alcohol and Other Drug Problems
TLDR
The lifetime and current prevalence of mental disorders in 501 patients seeking assistance with alcohol and other drug problems at an addiction research and treatment facility and computer diagnoses were generated according to DSM-III criteria.Abstract:
A survey evaluated the lifetime and current prevalence of mental disorders in 501 patients seeking assistance with alcohol and other drug problems at an addiction research and treatment facility. Information was gathered using the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) and computer diagnoses were generated according to DSM-III criteria. Four fifths (78%) of the sample had a DIS lifetime psychiatric disorder in addition to substance use, and two thirds (65%) had a current DIS mental disorder. Excluding the unreliably diagnosed generalized anxiety disorder, the most common lifetime disorders were antisocial personality disorder, phobias, psychosexual dysfunctions, major depression, and dysthymia. Patients who abused both alcohol and other drugs were the most psychiatrically impaired. Patients with DIS psychiatric disorders had more severe alcohol and other drug problems. Barbiturate/sedative/hypnotic, amphetamine, and alcohol abusers were the most likely to have a DIS mental disorder.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Comorbidity of Mental Disorders With Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse. Results From the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study
Darrel A. Regier,Mary E. Farmer,Donald S. Rae,Ben Z. Locke,Samuel J. Keith,Lewis L. Judd,Frederick K. Goodwin +6 more
TL;DR: Comorbidity of addictive and severe mental disorders was highest in the prison population, most notably with antisocial personality, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorders.
Journal ArticleDOI
The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: a reconsideration and recent applications.
TL;DR: Clinical observations and empirical studies that focus on painful affects and subjective states of distress more consistently suggest that such states of suffering are important psychological determinants in using, becoming dependent upon, and relapsing to addictive substances.
The Self-medication Hypothesis of Substance Use Disorders: A Reconsideration and Recent Applications
TL;DR: The self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders derives primarily from clinical observations of patients with substance use disorders as mentioned in this paper, who discover that the specific actions or effects of each class of drugs relieve or change a range of painful affect states.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new, semi-structured psychiatric interview for use in genetic linkage studies: a report on the reliability of the SSAGA.
K. K. Bucholz,R. Cadoret,C. R. Cloninger,S. H. Dinwiddie,Victor Hesselbrock,John I. Nurnberger,T. Reich,I. Schmidt,Marc A. Schuckit +8 more
TL;DR: Although SSAGA was designed to provide for broad phenotyping of alcoholism, review of its new features suggests its suitability for a variety of family studies, not just those focusing on substance abuse.
Journal ArticleDOI
The epidemiology of co-occurring addictive and mental disorders: implications for prevention and service utilization.
Ronald C. Kessler,M.P.H. Christopher B. Nelson Ph.D.,Katherine A. McGonagle,J B S Mark Edlund,Richard G. Frank,Philip J. Leaf +5 more
TL;DR: General population data from the National Comorbidity Survey are presented on co-occurring DSM-III-R addictive and mental disorders, with the finding that fewer than half of cases with 12-monthCo-occurrence received any treatment in the year prior to interview suggests the need for greater outreach efforts.
References
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TL;DR: Diagnostic criteria for 14 psychiatric illnesses along with the validating evidence for these diagnostic categories comes from workers outside the authors' group as well as from those within; it consists of studies of both outpatients and inpatients, of family studies, and of follow-up studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
National Institute of Mental Health diagnostic interview schedule: Its history, characteristics, and validity.
TL;DR: In this article, a new interview schedule allows lay interviewers or clinicians to make psychiatric diagnoses according to DSM-III criteria, Feighner criteria, and Research Diagnostic Criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
The michigan alcoholism screening test: the quest for a new diagnostic instrument
TL;DR: The MAST responses of 15 subjects who were found to be alcoholic in the record search were analyzed to determine where the screening failures had occurred and recommendations are made for reducing the number of such "falsė negatives."
Journal ArticleDOI
The drug abuse screening test.
TL;DR: Findings support the usefulness of the DAST for quantifying the extent of drug involvement within a help-seeking population, but further validation work is needed in other populations and settings.