Journal ArticleDOI
The use of high-dose antipsychotic medication.
TLDR
Antipsychotic medication is the mainstay of treatment for the functional psychotic illnesses, which include schizophrenia, mania in the course of a bipolar mood disorder, and, more rarely, depression accompanied by psychotic symptoms.Abstract:
Antipsychotic medication is the mainstay of treatment for the functional psychotic illnesses. Such drugs are also referred to as neuroleptics (meaning a drug with both antipsychotic effects and effects on movement) and major tranquillisers. The psychotic illnesses for which they are prescribed include schizophrenia, mania in the course of a bipolar mood disorder, and, more rarely, depression accompanied by psychotic symptoms. These are not uncommon illnesses. At some time during their lives approximately 1% of the population will suffer at least one episode of schizophrenia and a further 1% will suffer at least one episode of mania. During an episode some patients, but by no means all, suffer extreme changes in their thinking, mood and behaviour which can be very distressing to experience and which can make patients a danger to themselves or other people.read more
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QTc-interval abnormalities and psychotropic drug therapy in psychiatric patients
TL;DR: Antipsychotic drugs cause QTc lengthening in a dose-related manner, and risks are substantially higher for thioridazine and droperidol, which may confer an increased risk of drug-induced arrhythmia.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antipsychotic-Related QTc Prolongation, Torsade de Pointes and Sudden Death
Peter M. Haddad,Ian M. Anderson +1 more
TL;DR: It seems prudent, where possible, to select antipsychotics that are not associated with marked QTc prolongation, and if use of a QTC-prolonging drug is warranted, then measures to reduce the risk should be adopted.
Journal ArticleDOI
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of schizophrenia, part 2: Long-term treatment of schizophrenia
Peter Falkai,Thomas Wobrock,Jeffrey A. Lieberman,Birte Glenthøj,Wagner F. Gattaz,Hans-Jürgen Möller,Wfsbp Task Force on Treatment Guidelines for Schizophrenia +6 more
TL;DR: These guidelines for the biological treatment of schizophrenia were developed by an international Task Force of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry to reach a consensus on a series of practice recommendations that are clinically and scientifically meaningful based on the available evidence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Randomised controlled trials of conventional antipsychotic versus new atypical drugs, and new atypical drugs versus clozapine, in people with schizophrenia responding poorly to, or intolerant of, current drug treatment.
Sarah Lewis,Linda Davies,Pamela Jones,Thomas R. E. Barnes,Robin M. Murray,Robert Kerwin,David Taylor,Karen P. Hayhurst,A. Markwick,Hannah Lloyd,Graham Dunn,Graham Dunn +11 more
TL;DR: There was a trend towards participants in the conventional drug group scoring more highly on the utility measure at 1 year, which suggests that the failure to find the predicted advantage for new atypicals was not due to inadequate recruitment and statistical power in this sample.
Journal ArticleDOI
Practice Parameter for the Prevention and Management of Aggressive Behavior in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Institutions, With Special Reference to Seclusion and Restraint
TL;DR: This parameter reviews the current state of the prevention and management of child and adolescent aggressive behavior in psychiatric institutions, with particular reference to the indications and use of seclusion and restraint.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine
TL;DR: In this relatively brief study, the apparently increased comparative risk of agranulocytosis requires that the use of clozapine be limited to selected treatment-resistant patients.
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Positron Emission Tomographic Analysis of Central D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptor Occupancy in Patients Treated With Classical Neuroleptics and Clozapine: Relation to Extrapyramidal Side Effects
Lars Farde,Anna-Lena Nordström,Frits-Axel Wiesel,Stefan Pauli,Christer Halldin,Göran Sedvall +5 more
TL;DR: This finding indicates that neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal syndromes are related to the degree of central D2 occupancy induced in the basal ganglia of drug-treated schizophrenic patients and demonstrates that clozapine is also "atypical" with respect to the central D1 occupancy in patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clozapine. A novel antipsychotic agent.
TL;DR: This review considers the discovery of clozapine; its chemistry, pharmacologic activities, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics; evidence of its efficacy; and its side effects and appropriate clinical use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Significance of neuroleptic dose and plasma level in the pharmacological treatment of psychoses.
TL;DR: Assessment of immediate and later follow-up treatment of psychotic patients indicates that moderate doses are adequate for most patients, and moderate doses of neuroleptics appear, on average, to be about as effective as, and probably safer than, the larger doses that have been popular in the United States in recent years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Treatment of schizophrenia
TL;DR: Although no major "breakthrough" has occurred in the treatment of schizophrenia, incremental advances which can reduce rates of relapse and rehospitalization, improve the quality of adaptation, and reduce the risk of significant adverse effects are of enormous importance to affected individuals, their families, and society at large.