Journal ArticleDOI
The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years.
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The severity of retinopathy was found to be related to longer duration of diabetes, younger age at diagnosis, higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels, higher systolic BP, use of insulin, presence of proteinuria, and small body mass.Abstract:
• In a population-based study in southern Wisconsin, 1,370 patients given diagnoses of diabetes at age 30 years or older were examined using standard protocols to determine the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy and associated risk variables. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy varied from 28.8% in persons who had diabetes for less than five years to 77.8% in persons who had diabetes for 15 or more years. The rate of proliferative diabetic retinopathy varied from 2.0% in persons who had diabetes for less than five years to 15.5% in persons who had diabetes for 15 or more years. By using the Cox regression model, the severity of retinopathy was found to be related to longer duration of diabetes, younger age at diagnosis, higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels, higher systolic BP, use of insulin, presence of proteinuria, and small body mass.read more
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The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Control,David M. Nathan,Saul M. Genuth,John M. Lachin,Patricia A. Cleary,O Crofford,Matthew M. Davis,Larry Rand,Carolyn Siebert +8 more
TL;DR: Intensive therapy effectively delays the onset and slows the progression of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy in patients with IDDM.
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Global Prevalence and Major Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy
Joanne W.Y. Yau,Sophie Rogers,Ryo Kawasaki,Ecosse L. Lamoureux,Ecosse L. Lamoureux,Jonathan W. Kowalski,Toke Bek,Shih-Jen Chen,Jacqueline M. Dekker,Astrid E. Fletcher,Jakob Grauslund,Steven M. Haffner,Richard F. Hamman,M. Kamran Ikram,Takamasa Kayama,Barbara E. K. Klein,Ronald Klein,Sannapaneni Krishnaiah,Korapat Mayurasakorn,J. P. O'Hare,Trevor J. Orchard,Massimo Porta,Mohan Rema,Monique S. Roy,Tarun Sharma,Jonathan E. Shaw,Hugh R. Taylor,James M. Tielsch,Rohit Varma,Jie Jin Wang,Ningli Wang,Sheila K. West,Liang Xu,Miho Yasuda,Xinzhi Zhang,Paul Mitchell,Tien Yin Wong,Tien Yin Wong,Tien Yin Wong +38 more
TL;DR: Longer diabetes duration and poorer glycemic and blood pressure control are strongly associated with DR, and these data highlight the substantial worldwide public health burden of DR and the importance of modifiable risk factors in its occurrence.
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The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Retinopathy in adults with newly discovered and previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus.
TL;DR: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was examined in people with newly discovered noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 50) and in those with previously diagnosed diabetes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Onset of NIDDM occurs at Least 4–7 yr Before Clinical Diagnosis
TL;DR: Findings suggest that undiagnosed NIDDM is not a benign condition, and Clinically significant morbidity is present at diagnosis and for years before diagnosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. VI: Retinal photocoagulation
TL;DR: Seventy-two percent of eyes of younger onset and 45% of Eyes of older onset persons that had received panretinal photocoagulation treatment were found to have incomplete regression of retinal new vessels, and in approximately half of these eyes severe proliferative retinopathy (Diabetic Retinopathy Study High Risk Characteristics [DRS-HRC]) was present.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy: II. Prevalence and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy When Age at Diagnosis Is Less Than 30 Years
TL;DR: In a population-based study in southern Wisconsin, 996 insulin-taking, younger-onset diabetic persons were examined using standard protocols to determine the prevalence and severity of diabetic retinopathy and associated risk variables.
Journal ArticleDOI
Morbidity and Mortality in Diabetics In the Framingham Population: Sixteen Year Follow-up Study
TL;DR: In a sixteen year follow-up study in Framingham, it was found that diabetics in general show an increased morbidity and mortality from all cardiovascular causes and Insulin-treated diabetic women showed the greatest relative mortality from coronary heart disease.
Journal Article
The Framingham Eye Study monograph: An ophthalmological and epidemiological study of cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and visual acuity in a general population of 2631 adults, 1973-1975.
Howard M. Leibowitz,Dean E. Krueger,Lucinda R Maunder,R C Milton,Mohandas Kini,H A Kahn,Rita J. Nickerson,J Pool,Theodore Colton,James P. Ganley,John I. Loewenstein,T R Dawber +11 more
TL;DR: This monograph presents the detailed protocols and record forms for screening and diagnostic examinations, definitions of the specific abnormalities and characteristics used to screen for each disease, criteria for suspicion and diagnosis of diseases, detailed tables of the basic data from the study, evaluation of quality of the data, and discussion of selected findings.
Journal Article
A study of the effects of hypoglycemic agents on vascular complications in patients with adult-onset diabetes. II. Mortality results.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased incidence of retinopathy in diabetics with elevated blood pressure. A six-year follow-up study in Pima Indians.
TL;DR: It is suggested that control of blood pressure may reduce the incidence of retinal exudates in diabetics not treated with insulin and within categories of subjects stratified according to 13 potentially confounding variables.
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