Journal ArticleDOI
Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Convection Produced by Interacting Thunderstorm Outflows. Part I: Control Simulation and Low-Level Moisture Variations
TLDR
In this paper, the Klemp-Wilhelmson 3D numerical cloud model is used to investigate cloud development along intersecting thunderstorm outflow boundaries, where the model initial environment is characterized by a temperature and moisture profile typically found in strong convective situations, and the initial wind field is prescribed by a constant unidirectional shear 2.9 m s−1 km−1 from 0.8 to 8.9 km.Abstract:
The Klemp–Wilhelmson three-dimensional numerical cloud model is used to investigate cloud development along intersecting thunderstorm outflow boundaries. The model initial environment is characterized by a temperature and moisture profile typically found in strong convective situations, and the initial wind field is prescribed by a constant unidirectional shear 2.9 m s−1 km−1 from 0.8 to 8.9 km, with a constant wind everywhere else. The wind shear vector is perpendicular to the line containing the two initial outflow-producing clouds (which are spaced 16 km apart and are triggered by thermal impulses centered at the top of the boundary layer). The dynamics of the outflow collision are documented using time-dependent, kinematic air parcel trajectories and thermodynamic data. We find that ambient air in the outflow collision region is literally “squeezed” out of the way as the two outflows collide. Some of this air is lifted to saturation, triggering two convective clouds. The upshear member of the...read more
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Wind and Temperature Retrievals in the 17 May 1981 Arcadia, Oklahoma, Supercell: Ensemble Kalman Filter Experiments
TL;DR: In this paper, the feasibility of using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to retrieve the wind and temperature fields in an isolated convective storm has been tested by applying the technique to observations of the 17 May 1981 Arcadia, Oklahoma, tornadic supercell.
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A Review of Convection Initiation and Motivation for IHOP_2002
TL;DR: The International H2O Project (IHOP_2002) included four complementary research components: quantitative precipitation forecasting, convection initiation, atmospheric boundary layer processes, and instrumentation as mentioned in this paper.
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Anthropogenic intensification of short-duration rainfall extremes
Hayley J. Fowler,Geert Lenderink,Andreas F. Prein,Seth Westra,Richard P. Allan,Nikolina Ban,Renaud Barbero,Peter Berg,Stephen Blenkinsop,Hong Xuan Do,Hong Xuan Do,Selma B. Guerreiro,Jan O. Haerter,Jan O. Haerter,Elizabeth J. Kendon,Elizabeth Lewis,Christoph Schaer,Ashish Sharma,Gabriele Villarini,Conrad Wasko,Xuebin Zhang +20 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined evidence from observational, theoretical and modelling studies for the intensification of these rainfall extremes, the drivers and the impact on flash flooding and concluded that short-duration and long-duration (>1 day) rainfall extremes are intensifying with warming at a rate consistent with the increase in atmospheric moisture.
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Mechanisms of convective cloud organization by cold pools over tropical warm ocean during the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the mechanisms of convective cloud organization by precipitation-driven cold pools over the warm tropical Indian Ocean during the 2011 Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) Investigation Experiment / Dynamics of the AMIE/DYNAMO field campaign.
Journal ArticleDOI
Convectively Driven High Wind Events
TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate the intensity of these buoyant plumes (also an indicator of the severity of the storm) is based on parcel theory (Bluestein et al. 1988, 1989; Holton 1992).