Journal ArticleDOI
Use of Endoglucanase and Accessory Enzymes to Facilitate Mechanical Pulp Nanofibrillation
Xushen Han,Xushen Han,Ran Bi,Vinay Khatri,Hale Oguzlu,Masatsugu Takada,Jungang Jiang,Feng Jiang,Jie Bao,John N. Saddler +9 more
TLDR
Although selective enzyme treatments have been used to successfully fibrillate chemical pulps, high lignin-containing mechanical pulps have proven to be more recalcitrant.Abstract:
Although selective enzyme treatments have been used to successfully fibrillate chemical pulps, high lignin-containing mechanical pulps have proven to be more recalcitrant. When a bleached chemi-thermomechanical pulp (BCTMP) was sulfonated prior to enzymatic treatment, relatively good fibrillation was achieved, although some pulp hydrolysis occurred after 6 h hydrolysis when using a commercial cellulase enzyme preparation (Cellic CTec 3). To try to minimize pulp losses, various enzyme cocktails, including endoglucanase (EG), xylanase, mannanase, and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO), were assessed for their ability to enhance fibrillation while minimizing cellulose hydrolysis. It was apparent that the yield as well as the zeta potential of the lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils increased with enzyme treatment. This was likely due to an increase in surface charge and a decrease in particle size after LPMO and hemicellulase treatments, respectively. When carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) were used to quantify fiber changes, it was apparent that sulfonation had increased the accessibility of enzymes, while the combined action of the hemicellulases and LPMO increased EG accessibility to the less-ordered regions of the mechanical pulp, resulting in enhanced fibrillation. This work described, for the first time, the synergistic action of EG and various accessory enzymes enhancing mechanical pulp nanofibrillation.read more
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Sustainable isolation of nanocellulose from cellulose and lignocellulosic feedstocks: Recent progress and perspectives.
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive review of these alternatives with regard to general procedures and key advantages is provided, including total biomass utilization, complete life cycle analysis, and health/safety, requiring urgently bridging in order to develop economically competitive and operationally feasible nanocellulose isolation technology for commercialization.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid, high-yield production of lignin-containing cellulose nanocrystals using recyclable oxalic acid dihydrate
Jungang Jiang,Jungang Jiang,Yeling Zhu,Shiva Zargar,Jie Wu,Hale Oguzlu,Alberto Baldelli,Zhengyang Yu,John N. Saddler,Run-Cang Sun,Qingshi Tu,Feng Jiang +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of recyclable oxalic acid dihydrate (OAD) as the sole solvent and reactant for thermomechanical pulp (TMP) hydrolyzed TMP within 30 min at 110 °C, leading to complete removal of hemicellulose but retaining most of the cellulose and lignin.
Journal ArticleDOI
New strategy for liquefying corn stover pellets.
Antonio Carlos Freitas dos Santos,Jonathan C. Overton,Ryan Szeto,Maulik H. Patel,Diana M.R. Gutierrez,Clark Eby,Ana M. Martínez Moreno,Kendra A. Erk,John E. Aston,David N. Thompson,James H. Dooley,Pankaj Sharma,Nathan S. Mosier,Eduardo Ximenes,Michael R. Ladisch +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new strategy to liquefy corn stover at higher solids concentration (300g/L) by initially cooking it with the enzyme mimetic maleic acid at 40mM and 150°C.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enzymatic treatment processes for the production of cellulose nanomaterials: A review.
TL;DR: In this article , a review summarizes recent researches on enzymatic treatment of cellulose fibers for the production of nanocellulose nanomaterials, with focus on novel enzymatics processes with xylanase and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMO) to enhance the efficacy of cellulase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Research Progress on Lignocellulosic Biomass Degradation Catalyzed by Enzymatic Nanomaterials.
TL;DR: In this paper , applications and mechanisms of lignocellulose biodegradation enzymes are discussed, and the nanomaterials and methods used to immobilize enzymes are also discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanocelluloses: A New Family of Nature-Based Materials
D. Klemm,Friederike Kramer,Sebastian Moritz,Tom Lindström,Mikael Ankerfors,Derek G. Gray,Annie Dorris +6 more
TL;DR: This Review assembles the current knowledge on the isolation of microfibrillated cellulose from wood and its application in nanocomposites; the preparation of nanocrystalline cellulose and its use as a reinforcing agent; and the biofabrication of bacterial nanocellulose, as well as its evaluation as a biomaterial for medical implants.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance
TL;DR: Four different techniques incorporating X-ray diffraction and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were compared using eight different cellulose preparations and it was found that the simplest method, which is also the most widely used, and which involves measurement of just two heights in the X- Ray diffractogram, produced significantly higher crystallinity values than did the other methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers
TL;DR: The new cellulose-based nanofibers formed by size reduction process of native cellulose fibers by TEMPO-mediated oxidation have potential application as environmentally friendly and new bio- based nanomaterials in high-tech fields.
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Enzymatic hydrolysis combined with mechanical shearing and high-pressure homogenization for nanoscale cellulose fibrils and strong gels.
Marjo Pääkkö,Mikael Ankerfors,Harri Kosonen,Antti Nykänen,Susanna Ahola,Monika Österberg,Janne Ruokolainen,Janne Laine,Per Tomas Larsson,Olli Ikkala,Tom Lindström +10 more
TL;DR: Mild enzymatic hydrolysis has been introduced and combined with mechanical shearing and a high-pressure homogenization, leading to a controlled fibrillation down to nanoscale and a network of long and highly entangled cellulose I elements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carbohydrate-binding modules: fine-tuning polysaccharide recognition
TL;DR: The present review summarizes the impact structural biology has had on the understanding of the mechanisms by which CBMs bind to their target ligands.